Alfalfa response to elevated atmospheric CO2 varies with the symbiotic rhizobial strain

Bertrand, Annick; Prévost, Danielle; Bigras, Francine J.; Lalande, Roger; Tremblay, Gaëtan F.; Castonguay, Yves; Bélanger, Gilles

doi:10.1007/s11104-007-9436-9

Cited by 33 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Indeed, Schortemeyer et al (1996) observed a doubling of the population of Rhizobium leguminosarum in the rhizosphere of white clover (Trifolium repens) growing under 600 μmol mol −1 of CO 2 . In alfalfa, elevated CO 2 had no effect on soil population levels of three strains of Sinorhizobium meliloti, while it increased the proportion of fungi and lowered the quantity of gram-negative bacteria (Bertrand et al 2007a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In these studies, increased plant growth was generally correlated with enhanced symbiotic characteristics, such as nodule size, mass and/or number, and/or nitrogenase activity (Schortemeyer et al 2002;Cabrerizo et al 2001;Haase et al 2007;Srivastava et al 2002;Bertrand et al 2007a). In soybean (Glycine max), elevated CO 2 increased the resistance to drought, probably due to an increased N 2 -fixation activity and nodulation (Serraj et al 1998;Serraj 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biomass of several legumes species such as different Acacia species (Schortemeyer et al 2002), alfalfa (Medicago sativa) (Bertrand et al 2007a) and mungbean (Vigna radiata) (Srivastava et al 2002) increased under elevated CO 2 . In these studies, increased plant growth was generally correlated with enhanced symbiotic characteristics, such as nodule size, mass and/or number, and/or nitrogenase activity (Schortemeyer et al 2002;Cabrerizo et al 2001;Haase et al 2007;Srivastava et al 2002;Bertrand et al 2007a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated CO2 induces differences in nodulation of soybean depending on bradyrhizobial strain and method of inoculation

et al. 2009

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High CO 2 has been shown to increase plant growth and to affect symbiotic activity in many legumes species, including soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.). In order to assess the interaction between elevated CO 2 and rhizobial symbionts on soybean growth and nodulation, we combined the effects of CO 2 with those of different bradyrhizobial strains and methods of inoculation. Soybean seeds were sown in agricultural soil in pots and inoculated with three strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (5Sc2 and 12NS14 indigenous to Quebec soils, and 532c, a reference strain), the inoculum being either applied directly to the seed or incorporated into the soil. Plants were grown in growth chambers (22/17ºC) for 6 weeks, under either near ambient (400 μmol mol −1 ) or elevated (800 μmol mol −1 ) concentrations of CO 2. Elevated CO 2 increased mass (63%) and number (50%) of soybean nodules, particularly medium and large, allowed a deeper nodule development, and increased shoot dry weight (+30%), shoot C uptake (+33%) and shoot N uptake (+78%), compared to ambient CO 2 . The two indigenous strains induced more medium and large nodules under elevated CO 2 than the reference strain and showed the greatest increases in shoot dry weight. Soil inoculation induced higher number of small nodules than seed inoculation, specifically for the two indigenous strains, but did not affect plant growth parameters. We conclude that soybean yield enhancements due to elevated CO 2 are associated with the production of large and mediumsize nodules and a deep nodulation, that the two indigenous strains better respond to elevated CO 2 than the reference strain, and that the method of inoculation has little influence on this response.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated CO2 induces differences in nodulation of soybean depending on bradyrhizobial strain and method of inoculation

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“…Increased temperature was shown to reduce forage or pasture nutritive value (Thorvaldsson, 1992;Wan et al, 2005;Thorvaldsson et al, 2007;Lee et al, 2013), and specifically to reduce the in vitro neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility in timothy (Bertrand et al, 2008;Jing et al, 2013b) and in vitro dry matter digestibility in alfalfa (Sanz-Sáez et al, 2012). Elevated atmospheric [CO 2 ] has been found to decrease the crude protein (CP) concentration of several species (Milchunas et al, 2005;Soussana and Lüscher 2007;Sanz-Sáez et al, 2012;Baslam et al, 2014;Irigoyen et al, 2014;Dumont et al, 2015), including alfalfa (Bertrand et al, 2007b), and to reduce the digestibility of grasses (Morgan et al, 2004a) but not that of alfalfa (Irigoyen et al, 2014).…”

Section: Biometry Modeling and Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Growth chamber experiments (Bertrand et al, 2007a(Bertrand et al, , 2007bKettunen et al, 2007;Baslam et al, 2014) and modeling studies (Hunt et al, 1991;Parton et al, 1995;Riedo et al, 1999) have shown that many forage and pasture crops, mostly cool-season forage species with a C3 photosynthetic pathway, will benefi t from elevated atmospheric [CO 2 ], either because of increased photosynthesis or because of decreased soil moisture depletion due to stomatal closure (Morgan et al, 2004b). Elevated [CO 2 ] has also been shown to stimulate biological N fi xation, hence favoring legume species (Zanetti et al, 1996;Hebeisen et al, 1997;Lazzarotto et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Predicted Yield and Nutritive Value of an Alfalfa–Timothy Mixture under Climate Change and Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide

et al. 2016

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Climate change studies have oft en focused on individual forage species although legume-grass mixtures are predominant on dairy farms in northern areas of North America. We assessed the eff ect of (i) future climate conditions (temperature and precipitation) and elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentration ([CO 2 ]), separately and together, on yield of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.), grown alone or in mixture, and (ii) an adaptation strategy (timing and number of harvests) on future yield and nutritive value of an alfalfa-timothy mixture. Forage dry matter (DM) yield and nutritive value for two contrasting climate areas in eastern Canada were simulated with the Integrated Farm System Model over two future periods (2020-2049 and 2050-2079) using three climate models and two representative concentration pathways (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) of greenhouse gas emissions. Under projected future climate and without adaptation, annual forage yield of both species and the mixture increased in the colder area and decreased in the warmer area. In both areas, fi rst-cut yield increased due to faster growing degree-day accumulation, while regrowth yield decreased due to greater water and temperature stresses. Under elevated [CO 2 ], annual yield and the alfalfa percentage in the mixture increased. When combining climate change and elevated [CO 2 ], yield increased, except with the more drastic scenario (RCP 8.5, 2050(RCP 8.5, -2079 in the warmer area, and forage nutritive value was reduced. With adaptation, the mixture yield was increased from 5 to 35%, while nutritive value was generally maintained under all future scenarios, mostly because of additional cuts.

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Perennial forages in cold‐humid areas: Adaptation and resilience‐building strategies toward climate change

et al. 2023

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In the continental cold and humid areas of northeastern North America, climate change by mid‐century may increase the yield potential of perennial forage species as a result of increased temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration, and a longer growing season compared to the 1990−2000 period. More winter thaws and less snow cover along with more summer drought events, however, may reduce winter survival and summer regrowth, thus potentially reducing the persistence of perennial forages over time. Based on nearly two decades of research on the effects of climate change on forages in cold and humid areas of northeastern North America, through field experiments and modeling, we summarize in this review the expected effects of climate change on forage production in terms of yield, nutritive value, and winter survival. We also propose a set of 12 adaptation and resilience‐building strategies for forage systems that can be implemented at the field and farm levels. Research priorities for the future, including the improvement of species, forage management practices, and modeling tools, are also identified. Implementing strategies to alleviate or take advantage of the effects of a changing climate may improve productivity and resilience of well‐adapted forage systems in cold and humid areas.

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Alfalfa response to elevated atmospheric CO2 varies with the symbiotic rhizobial strain

Cited by 33 publications

References 53 publications

Elevated CO2 induces differences in nodulation of soybean depending on bradyrhizobial strain and method of inoculation

Elevated CO2 induces differences in nodulation of soybean depending on bradyrhizobial strain and method of inoculation

Predicted Yield and Nutritive Value of an Alfalfa–Timothy Mixture under Climate Change and Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide

Perennial forages in cold‐humid areas: Adaptation and resilience‐building strategies toward climate change

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