Alfaxalone versus alfaxalone–dexmedetomidine anaesthesia by immersion in oriental fire-bellied toads (Bombina orientalis)

Adami, Chiara; d’Ovidio, Dario; Casoni, Daniela

doi:10.1111/vaa.12290

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…The orientation recovery time in group D was markedly shorter than that in groups A , B, and C ( P < 0.05). These results are similar to those in the studies of Jehan Ahmed Sayed et al [ 21 ] and Chiara Adami et al [ 22 ], indicating that dexmedetomidine at doses of 0.5 μ g/kg and 0.8 μ g/kg is notably better than 0.3 μ g/kg in promoting orientation recovery of patients. In addition, the incidence of cognitive dysfunction, chills, and restlessness in groups C and D was notably lower compared with groups A and B ( P < 0.05), with a higher incidence of chills, intraoperative hypotension, and delayed awakening in group D than in group C ( P < 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…After entering the operating room, the venous channel was opened. Electrocardiograph (ECG), heart rate (HR), and blood oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) were closely monitored, and invasive blood pressure monitoring was established under local anesthesia [8][9][10]. Dexmedetomidine was diluted to 4 μg/mL; 0.01 mg/kg of penehyclidine was intravenously injected at 30 min before anesthesia induction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine Combined with General Anesthesia in Anesthesia of Patients with Traumatic Tibiofibular Fractures and Its Effect on the Incidence of Adverse Reactions

Zhang

Sun

Cheng

et al. 2021

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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Objective. To explore the application of different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with general anesthesia in patients with traumatic tibiofibular fractures. Methods. A total of 120 patients with traumatic tibiofibular fractures treated in our hospital (January 2018–January 2021) were selected as the research subjects and equally grouped into group A, group B, group C, and group D according to the dosage of dexmedetomidine. Group B, group C, and group D were pumped with 0.3 μg/kg, 0.5 μg/kg, and 0.8 μg/kg load doses of dexmedetomidine before anesthesia induction, with the same doses for maintenance during surgery. Group A was intravenously pumped with the same amount of normal saline and received tracheal intubation after anesthesia induction, with propofol and remifentanil to maintain general anesthesia during surgery. Results. No notable differences in general data were observed among the groups ( P > 0.05). Ramsay sedation scores of all groups showed a downward trend after drug withdrawal. At 10 min, 30 min, and 60 min, the scores of groups C and D were markedly higher than those of groups A and B ( P < 0.05), and the scores were higher in group D than those in group C ( P < 0.05). The HR changes at each period were close between groups A and B ( P > 0.05). The HRs at T1 and T2 in group C were slightly lower than those in group D ( P > 0.05), and the HRs at T1 in groups A and B were remarkably higher than those in groups C and D, and were higher than those at T0 and T2 ( P < 0.05). The SBP levels of all groups began to rise at T0, peaked at T1, and decreased to a lower level at T2 than that at T0. Moreover, the SBP levels of groups C and D at T1 and T2 were notably lower compared with groups A and B ( P < 0.05). With a lower DBP level in group C than the other three groups at T1, the DBP levels were notably lower in groups C and D than those in groups A and B at T2 ( P < 0.05). With no statistical difference in the MAP levels at T0 among the four groups ( P > 0.05), the MAP levels in group A at T1 and T2 were obviously higher compared with groups C and D ( P < 0.05). The extubation time in group A was notably longer than that that in groups B, C, and D ( P < 0.05), with longer extubation time in group B than that in groups C and D ( P < 0.05). The orientation recovery time in group D was markedly shorter than that in groups A, B, and C ( P < 0.05). The incidence of cognitive dysfunction, chills, and restlessness in groups C and D was notably lower compared with groups A and B ( P < 0.05), with a higher incidence of chills, intraoperative hypotension, and delayed awakening in group D than in group C ( P < 0.05). Conclusion. Dexmedetomidine at doses of 0.5 μg/kg and 0.8 μg/kg has a better effect in the maintenance of general anesthesia for patients with traumatic tibiofibular fractures, with faster orientation recovery, better recovery of postoperative cognitive function, and a lower incidence of adverse reactions. Dexmedetomidine at 0.5 μg/kg is recommended in view of the increased risk of excessive sedation, chills, restlessness, and intraoperative hypotension in patients at 0.8 μg/kg.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine Combined with General Anesthesia in Anesthesia of Patients with Traumatic Tibiofibular Fractures and Its Effect on the Incidence of Adverse Reactions

Zhang

Sun

Cheng

et al. 2021

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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“…Alfaxalone is a neurosteroid anesthetic that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Agency for use in veterinary medicine. While targeted as an anesthetic for dogs and cats [11][12][13][14], it is also being used in exotic species [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Alfaxalone acts on GABA A receptors, leading to a decrease in neuronal stimulation and producing clinical sedation and hypnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Anesthetic and Physiologic Effects of Intramuscular and Intravenous Alfaxalone in Eastern Mud Turtles (Kinosternon subrubrum)

Zec,

Mitchell,

Rockwell

et al. 2024

Animals

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Current sedation protocols for chelonians can pose a challenge to clinicians because of prolonged induction and recovery times, difficulties in gaining venous access, and natural species variation. This study evaluated the sedative and physiologic effects of intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV) alfaxalone in six wild-caught adult eastern mud turtles (Kinosternon subrubrum). The turtles received alfaxalone 10 mg/kg IM and IV in a randomized cross-over design. A 10-day washout period occurred between trials. Baseline parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, and reflexes) were assessed prior to injection and every 5 min post-injection until recovery. Three venous blood gas samples were also collected and analyzed over the course of each trial (baseline, induction, and recovery). Intravenous alfaxalone resulted in a significantly faster induction (p = 0.016; median: 1.5 min, 25–75%: 1–7.5, minimum–maximum: 1–21) and a shorter total sedation time (p = 0.041; median: 52 min, 25–75%: 34.5–62.5, minimum–maximum: 33–87) when compared with IM alfaxalone (induction, median: 20 min, 25–75%: 15–22.5, minimum–maximum: 15–25; total, median: 70 min, 25–75%: 65–82.5, minimum–maximum: 65–90). Blood gas and physiologic parameters were not significantly different between groups; however, the pH (p = 0.009) and glucose (p = 0.0001) significantly increased, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p = 0.024) significantly decreased over time. This study demonstrated that alfaxalone 10 mg/kg IV or IM can be used to provide safe and effective sedation in eastern mud turtles.

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“…Immersion anaesthesia is a common method to anaesthetise various unconventional small-sized species, including amphibians and land snails, and various agents with anaesthetic properties, such as etomidate, alfaxalone and ethanol, have been used to prepare the anaesthetic bath solution [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. One study investigated safety and efficacy of immersion anaesthesia, with various agents, in Biomphalaria snails and found that, whilst sodium thiopental was toxic to the snails and the association of Cetamine base with Tiazine chloridrate produced only partial anaesthetic effects, sodium pentobarbital resulted in safe and predictable anaesthesia [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immersion anaesthesia with ethanol in African giant land snails (Acathina fulica)

d’Ovidio¹,

Monticelli

Santoro

et al. 2019

Heliyon

Self Cite

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Giant African land snails ( Achatina fulica ) are becoming increasingly popular pets and may be anaesthetised to allow diagnostics and surgical procedures. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anaesthetic effects and anaesthetic-related complications of immersion in 5% ethanol in client-owned African pet land snails, anaesthetised to allow biopsies of the foot for screening of parasites. Variables such as minutes elapsing from immersion to anaesthetic induction and from removal from the bath to return of tentacle withdrawal reflex and recovery from anaesthesia were recorded, as well as the occurrence of adverse effects. Of the 30 snails enrolled, one (3.3%) had a fatal outcome whereas the remaining 29 (96.7%) snails completed the study and recovered from anaesthesia. Time to anaesthetic induction was 25 [25–29] minutes. Recovery was prolonged in one snail, which required 210 minutes to regain normal muscular strength. Time from removal from the ethanol solution to return of tentacle withdrawal reflex was 20 [14–42] minutes. Beside death, other observed adverse effects were production of bubbles (n = 4; 13.3%), and mucus secretion (n = 4; 13.3%). Immersion in 5% ethanol may be regarded as suitable anaesthetic technique for African giant snails for brief and moderately invasive surgical procedures. Nevertheless, recovery from anaesthesia may be prolonged and unpredictable.

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Alfaxalone versus alfaxalone–dexmedetomidine anaesthesia by immersion in oriental fire-bellied toads (Bombina orientalis)

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Application of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine Combined with General Anesthesia in Anesthesia of Patients with Traumatic Tibiofibular Fractures and Its Effect on the Incidence of Adverse Reactions

Application of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine Combined with General Anesthesia in Anesthesia of Patients with Traumatic Tibiofibular Fractures and Its Effect on the Incidence of Adverse Reactions

Evaluating the Anesthetic and Physiologic Effects of Intramuscular and Intravenous Alfaxalone in Eastern Mud Turtles (Kinosternon subrubrum)

Immersion anaesthesia with ethanol in African giant land snails (Acathina fulica)

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