Algal Distribution in a Small, Intermittent Stream Receiving Acid Mine-Drainage1

Lampkin, Andrew J.; Sommerfeld, Milton R.

doi:10.1111/j.0022-3646.1982.00196.x

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The acidification of water passing through disturbed ore formations and mine waste piles containing sulfidic minerals is a significant environmental problem that results in the formation of large amounts of acidity and high concentrations of sulfate and dissolved metals in drainage water, commonly referred to as acid mine drainage (AMD) (1,2). Unless treated before discharge, acidic drainage can have a significant adverse impact on both water quality and terrestrial vegetation (3,4). In general, sulfide-containing minerals comprise the majority of ore material present in waste mine rock and also tend to be most prone to oxidative reactions (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Heterotrophic Microbial Growth on Biological Oxidation of Pyrite

Marchand

Silverstein

2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The rate and extent of pyrite oxidation by the iron-oxidizing bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was limited by the growth of the heterotrophic microbe Acidiphilium acidophilum. In batch systems containing a mixture of both organisms, the maximum zero-order rate of ferric iron accumulation was about 1.4 mg of Fe3+ L(-1) d(-1) as compared to 9.4 mg of Fe3+ L(-1) d(-1) for pure cultures of A. ferrooxidans under the same conditions. Pyrite oxidation was limited in cases where both cultures of organisms were initially present as well as situations where the heterotrophic organisms were added to established, pyrite-oxidizing systems containing A. ferrooxidans. Results also indicated that organic carbon remaining in solution following heterotrophic bacterial growth reduced the rate of abiotic pyrite oxidation by the ferric ion. Furthermore, a cell-free solution of the residual organic carbon resulted in a lag of A. ferrooxidans growth in soluble ferrous medium. The residual organic carbon solution that accumulated during the growth of Aph. acidophilum had a diverse molecular weight distribution, indicating that different compounds could be responsible for the inhibition of chemical pyrite oxidation and the A. ferrooxidans growth lag observed. Titration of dissolved copper ions with residual dissolved organic carbon originating from Aph. acidophilum cultures indicated that a metal complexation mechanism could be responsible for the lower rates of pyrite oxidation observed. These data suggest that encouraging the growth of heterotrophic microorganisms under acid mine drainage conditions may be a feasible strategy for decreasing both the rate and the extent of sulfide mineral oxidation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Heterotrophic Microbial Growth on Biological Oxidation of Pyrite

Marchand

Silverstein

2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Periphyton communities in a pristine mountain stream above and below heavy metal mining operations

1986

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1. Changes in species composition of the periphyton on introduced substrates were determined in an oiigotrophic mountain stream subject to long-term heavy metal contamination.2. At the upstream control site, the numerically most abundant taxa were Bacillariophyta {Achnanthes minutissima, Achnanthes microcephala and Achnanthes linearis) as well as, in summer, the Chlorophyta (Mougeotia spp. and Ulothrix subtilissima).3. At the downstream contaminated site the periphyton community was totally dominated by Bacillariophyta throughout the sampling period. A. minutissima and A. microcephala were co-dominants during spring. Seasonal succession patterns did not parallel those at the upstream site. Chlorophyta were virtually absent and A. minutissima comprised 94% of the community during summer.4. Species diversity, species evenness and dissimilarity index were utilized to delect differences in species composition, abundance and number. Slight differences were found in spring samples while summer samples indicated major differences between sampling sites.

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Algal Distribution in a Small, Intermittent Stream Receiving Acid Mine-Drainage1

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Influence of Heterotrophic Microbial Growth on Biological Oxidation of Pyrite

Influence of Heterotrophic Microbial Growth on Biological Oxidation of Pyrite

Periphyton communities in a pristine mountain stream above and below heavy metal mining operations

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