Algal Toxicity Tests for Environmental Risk Assessments of Metals

Janssen, Colin R.; Heijerick, D.G.

doi:10.1007/0-387-21728-2_2

Cited by 43 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…A manifestation of the hormesis effect was expressed under the Cu exposure. The stimulation of chlorophyll-a at the most low concentration of copper was similar to that founded by Knauer et al (1997) and Janssen & Heijrick (2003). Whitton (1970) reported that the algae growth may be stimulated by low metal concentrations and inhibited at high metal concentrations.…”

Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 77%

Assessment of catalase activity, lipid peroxidation, chlorophyll a, and growth rate in the freshwater green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata exposed to copper and zinc

Soto¹,

Gaete²,

Hidalgo³

2011

lajar

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ABSTRACT. In this work, the effect of copper and zinc on green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was evaluated through catalase activity, lipid peroxidation by TBARS essay, growth rate, and the chlorophyll-a concentration. Catalase activity increased significantly (P < 0.05) in comparison to the control at 0.1 mg L -1 copper and 0.075 mg L -1 zinc, whereas the damage to the cell membrane expressed as nmols/10 6 cell of malondialdehyde increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 0.025 mg L -1 copper and 0.1 mg L -1 zinc. On the other hand, a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in chlorophyll-a concentration was found at 0.075 mg L -1 of both metals. The results showed that catalase activity, lipid peroxidation, and chlorophyll-a concentration were more sensitive to metals than the growth rate. Keywords: toxicity, bioassays, water quality, oxidative damage, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Chile.Evaluación de la actividad de la catalasa, peroxidación lipídica, clorofila-a y tasa de crecimiento en la alga verde de agua dulce Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata expuesta a cobre y zinc RESUMEN. En este trabajo, se evaluó el efecto del cobre y zinc en la alga verde Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata a través de la actividad catalasa, peroxidación lipídica por el ensayo TBARS, tasa de crecimiento y concentración de clorofila-a. La actividad catalasa aumentó significativamente (P < 0,05) en comparación al control en 0,1 mg L -1 y 0,075 mg L -1 de cobre y zinc respectivamente, mientras que el daño en la membrana celular expresado en nanomols/10 6 células de malondialdehído aumentó significativamente en 0,025 mg L -1 y 0,1 mg L -1 de cobre y zinc respectivamente. Por otra parte, hubo una disminución significativa (P < 0,05) en la concentración de clorofila-a en ambos metales a 0,075 mgL -1 . Los resultados mostrados en actividad catalasa, peroxidación lipídica y concentración de clorofila-a son parámetros más sensibles que la tasa de crecimiento a los metales. Palabras clave: toxicidad, bioensayos, calidad de agua, daño oxidativo Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Chile.

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Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 77%

Assessment of catalase activity, lipid peroxidation, chlorophyll a, and growth rate in the freshwater green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata exposed to copper and zinc

Soto¹,

Gaete²,

Hidalgo³

2011

lajar

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“…While the increased effective concentrations reported here at low nutrient and triclosan exposure potentially indicate variable effects when exposure occurs over a nutrient gradient, the implications of physiological responses induced by nutrient stress on the effects of toxicant is unknown. This has been highlighted previously for autrophic co-exposure to nutrients and toxicants [35,68] and remains an important area for future research concerning nutrient-toxicant interactions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Pharmaceuticals and personal care products are biologically active compounds, designed to elicit specific effects in target organisms [18,68]. Therefore, receptor-mediated responses are anticipated given the receptor is present in the organism [69] and should be included as measures of effect when ecologically plausible in risk assessments of PPCPs [67,70].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and ratios on Lemna gibba growth responses to triclosan in laboratory and stream mesocosm experiments

Fulton

Brain

Usenko

et al. 2009

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-The effects of co-occurring nutrient and contaminant stressors are very likely to interact in aquatic systems, particularly at the level of primary producers. Site-specific nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations are often much lower and differ in relative availability than those used in nutrient-saturated laboratory assays for aquatic plants, which can introduce uncertainty in prospective ecological hazard and risk assessments. Because triclosan, an antimicrobial agent included in personal care products, potentially presents high relative risk among antimicrobial agents to aquatic plants and algae, we performed laboratory experiments with the model aquatic macrophyte Lemna gibba across a gradient of environmentally relevant N:P levels with and without triclosan coexposure. Frond numbers (7 d) were significantly higher in N:P treatments of 16 and 23 but were lower in N:P of 937 and 2,500 treatments relative to standardized control media (N:P 5 3). When triclosan co-exposure occurred at high nutrient concentrations, frond number median effective concentration values at N:P 0.75, 3, and 16 were more than twofold lower than triclosan median effective concentration values in low nutrient media N:P ratios. However, a triclosan median effective concentration for frond number was twofold lower at N:P of 2,500 than at other N:P ratios in low concentration media. Influences of P enrichment on triclosan toxicity to L. gibba were further explored during a 14-d outdoor experimental stream mesocosm study. Effects of 2.6 and 20.8 mg L 21 triclosan on L. gibba growth rates were more pronounced with increasing P treatment levels, which was generally consistent with our laboratory observations. Findings from these laboratory and field studies indicate that site-specific nutrient concentrations and ratios should be considered during assessments of primary producer responses to chemical stressors.

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“…A series of algal growth inhibition bioassays were conducted at pH 6.7, 7.6, and 8.5. We used 3-N-morpholino-propane-sulfonic acid, (2 mM) to control the pH at 6.7 and 7.5 [2,17,19] and the HCO À 3 buffer (NaHCO 3 , 2 mM) to control the pH at 8.5 [16]. The pH was manually adjusted to the desired pH level every 12 h during the toxicity experiment with diluted HCl or NaOH.…”

Section: Copper Toxicity Under Different Fulvic Acid Ph and Ca Condmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bioavailability or toxicity in general could be influenced by water chemistries such as pH, water hardness, and the type and concentration of dissolved organic matter (DOM) [2,[15][16][17], as well as incubation conditions and cell status [18]. Based on the total ambient or free [Cu 2þ ], the median inhibition concentration (IC50) in phytoplankton varied by several orders of magnitude [2,17,19]. Thus, a more reasonable predictor of Cu toxicity is needed to evaluate the Cu toxicity to cyanobacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High sensitivity of cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa to copper and the prediction of copper toxicity

Zeng

Yang

Wang

2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Microcystis aeruginosa is a dominant cyanobacterium commonly found in Chinese freshwater ecosystems during phytoplankton blooms, and copper sulfate is one of the most frequently used algicides for controlling the nuisance blooms. In this study, we examined the effects of varied water chemistry (dissolved organic matter, pH, and hardness) on copper (Cu) toxicity to M. aeruginosa, as well as the Cu short-term uptake kinetics, using (67)Cu as a radioactive tracer. Elevated dissolved organic matter concentrations resulted in a reduction of Cu toxicity, and increasing pH in the range 6.7 to 8.5 led to an increase of Cu toxicity based on the ambient dissolved Cu concentration. The variation of growth inhibition was much more dependent on the intracellular Cu concentration than on the total ambient Cu or calculated free Cu(2+) concentration; thus, the biotic ligand model could be used to explain the Cu toxicity to M. aeruginosa under different water chemistry conditions. We demonstrated that M. aeruginosa were extremely sensitive to Cu toxicity compared with other freshwater phytoplankton species based on the intracellular Cu concentration. The median inhibition concentration of intracellular Cu was as low as 3.3 to 13.1 × 10(-18) mol Cu/cell for all treatments. The Cu short-term uptake kinetics in M. aeruginosa could be explained by the free-ion activity model. The uptake rate, however, could not explain the discrepancy in Cu sensitivity between M. aeruginosa and other phytoplankton species. Other mechanisms might explain the extreme sensitivity of M. aeruginosa to Cu toxicity.

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Algal Toxicity Tests for Environmental Risk Assessments of Metals

Cited by 43 publications

References 119 publications

Assessment of catalase activity, lipid peroxidation, chlorophyll a, and growth rate in the freshwater green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata exposed to copper and zinc

Assessment of catalase activity, lipid peroxidation, chlorophyll a, and growth rate in the freshwater green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata exposed to copper and zinc

Influence of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and ratios on Lemna gibba growth responses to triclosan in laboratory and stream mesocosm experiments

High sensitivity of cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa to copper and the prediction of copper toxicity

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