Algengi kynferðislegrar áreitni og ofbeldis gegn íslenskum unglingum

Arnarsson, Ársæll; Gisladottir, Kristin Heba; Jonsson, Stefan Hrafn

doi:10.17992/lbl.2016.06.87

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…First, some form of sexual assault was reported by 14.4% of adolescents in the whole sample, while 4.6% reported to have been victims of forced sex. Approximately 15% of adolescents in the general population in high-income countries reported at least one sexual assault (e.g., [ 2 , 25 ]) and a similar rate of 12% was found in some East and Southern Africa countries [ 26 ]. In addition, 14.7% of adolescents reported to have been exposed to war conflict, which is a significant proportion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among trauma-exposed adolescents from low- and middle-income countries

Stupar¹,

Stevanović²,

Vostanis

et al. 2021

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Exposure to traumatic events in childhood is associated with the development and maintenance of various psychiatric disorders, but most frequently with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the types of traumatic events experienced and the presence and predictors of PTSD symptoms among adolescents from the general population from ten low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods Data were simultaneously collected from 3370 trauma-exposed adolescents (mean age = 15.41 [SD = 1.65] years, range 12–18; 1465 (43.5%) males and 1905 (56.5%) females) in Brazil, Bulgaria, Croatia, Indonesia, Montenegro, Nigeria, the Palestinian Territories, the Philippines, Romania, and Serbia, with Portugal, a high-income country, as a reference point. The UCLA PTSD Reaction Index for the DSM-5 (PTSD-RI-5) was used for the assessment of traumatic events and PTSD symptoms. Results The most frequently reported traumatic events were death of a close person (69.7%), witnessing violence other than domestic (40.5%), being in a natural disaster (34.4%) and witnessing violent death or serious injury of a close person (33.9%). In total, 28.5% adolescents endorsed two to three DSM-5 PTSD criteria symptoms. The rates of adolescents with symptoms from all four DSM-5 criteria for PTSD were 6.2–8.1% in Indonesia, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Montenegro, and 9.2–10.5% in Philippines, Croatia and Brazil. From Portugal, 10.7% adolescents fall into this category, while 13.2% and 15.3% for the Palestinian Territories and Nigeria, respectively. A logistic regression model showed that younger age, experiencing war, being forced to have sex, and greater severity of symptoms (persistent avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood, and alterations in arousal and reactivity) were significant predictors of fulfilling full PTSD criteria. Conclusions Nearly every third adolescent living in LMICs might have some PTSD symptoms after experiencing a traumatic event, while nearly one in ten might have sufficient symptoms for full DSM-5 PTSD diagnosis. The findings can inform the generation of PTSD burden estimates, allocation of health resources, and designing and implementing psychosocial interventions for PTSD in LMICs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among trauma-exposed adolescents from low- and middle-income countries

Stupar¹,

Stevanović²,

Vostanis

et al. 2021

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Regarding social variables, and victimization more specifically, 6.5% of the adolescents reported being victims of sexual abuse. The rate of sexual abuse or assault in other European countries is about 14.6% [65]. Although it is a more common problem among adolescent females, there is a growing recognition that sexual victimization is also a relevant, though invisible, issue among male adolescents [66,67].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pornography Use in Adolescents and Its Clinical Implications

Farré

Montejo

Agulló

et al. 2020

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(1) Background: The Differential Susceptibility to Media Effects Model (DSMM) suggests that pornography use effects are conditional and they depend on dispositional, developmental, and social differential susceptibility variables. This framework also highlights that the differential susceptibility variables act as predictors of pornography use and as moderators of the effect of pornography on criterion variables. (2) Methods: By administering a survey to n = 1500 adolescents, we tested whether these assumptions were met. (3) Results: Pornography use was related to being male and older, having a bisexual or undefined sexual orientation, higher substance use, being non-Muslim, and reporting sexual interest and the use of the media to obtain sexual information. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that higher levels in the criterion variables were directly related to pornography use, older age, substance use, and being women. Some mediational links also emerged. Pornography use mediated between the age and criterion variables. Moreover, substance use mediated the association between age and gender with the criterion variables. (4) Conclusions: Our findings support the clinical applicability of the theoretical DSMM framework. Knowing adolescent pornography consumers’ profiles and the impact of pornography on this population would allow for the designing of more effective prevention and regulation proposals.

show abstract

“…These results were similar to those from Sweden and Denmark, but higher than global estimates. The results from the 2015 Health Behaviour of School‐Aged Children study in Iceland gave somewhat lower prevalence figures of 14.6% for any form of sexual violence, but the participants were younger, at 14–15 years, and the questions did not include exposure .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The qualitative and quantitative data from Iceland presented here indicate that many Icelandic children, including unborn babies, experience severe violence with risks for their later health and well‐being. This impacts on their physical and mental health and how they evaluate their upbringing and the justification for the abuse they suffered .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2014, the Health Behaviour of School‐Aged Children study in Iceland found that 15% of adolescents aged 14–15 years reported having experienced sexual abuse when they were asked questions similar to those in Table , based on the 2004 survey of 16–19 year olds , except for their experience of exposure . About 5% reported that sexual abuse had occurred once and about 10% reported that it had happened on more than one occasion.…”

Section: Sexual Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Review shows that Icelandic society is taking firmer steps to tackle the diverse forms of child abuse and neglect that its children are exposed to

Gunnlaugsson

Einarsdóttir

2018

Acta Paediatrica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AimThis review examined and summarised the research published on child abuse in Iceland, which was mainly in the country's native language, to make the findings more accessible to English speakers. It specifically focused on child rearing and the physical, emotional and sexual abuse, neglect and intrafamilial conflicts suffered by children at the hands of their parents and other carers.MethodThe review drew on published research, books and reports and compared the findings with Nordic research and global estimates of child abuse.ResultsQualitative and quantitative research revealed that the prevalence of different forms of child abuse, child neglect and intra‐familial conflicts in Iceland was similar to, or higher than, global and Nordic estimates. Younger respondents reported less physical abuse than older respondents, but higher levels of emotional abuse. Legislation, greater awareness, public debates and research on child abuse in Iceland have contributed to the growing recognition of the negative consequences of child abuse and strengthened support for prevention strategies.ConclusionIcelandic children have reportedly experienced diverse forms of child abuse and neglect from their parents and other carers. Diverse initiatives have been put in place that underline the urgent need to tackle such behaviour.

show abstract

Algengi kynferðislegrar áreitni og ofbeldis gegn íslenskum unglingum

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among trauma-exposed adolescents from low- and middle-income countries

Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among trauma-exposed adolescents from low- and middle-income countries

Pornography Use in Adolescents and Its Clinical Implications

Review shows that Icelandic society is taking firmer steps to tackle the diverse forms of child abuse and neglect that its children are exposed to

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About