Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel Scaffold Containing nCeO2 as a Potential Osteogenic Nanomaterial for Bone Tissue Engineering

Abstract

Background: Clinicians frequently face difficulties when trying to fix bone abnormalities. Gelatin-Alginate (GA) is frequently employed as a carrier because it is non-toxic, biodegradable, and has a three-dimensional network structure. Meanwhile, cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO 2 ) demonstrated high antioxidant enzyme simulation activity. Therefore, in order to develop a porous hydrogel scaffold for the application of bone tissue engineering, an appropriate-type GA-nCeO 2 hydrogel scaffold was developed and evaluated. Methods: GA-nCeO 2 hydrogel scaffold was prepared by the lyophilized method and characterized. The surface morphology and cell adhesion of the scaffold were observed by the scanning electron microscope. CCK8 and live-dead staining methods were used to evaluate its biological safety and cell proliferation. Then the osteogenic differentiation in early and late stages was discussed. The expression of osteogenic genes was also detected by RT-PCR. Finally, a bone defect model was made in SD rats, and bone formation in vivo was detected. Results:The results showed that GA-nCeO 2 hydrogel scaffold exhibited a typical three-dimensional porous structure with a mean pore ratio of 70.61 ± 1.94%. The GA-nCeO 2 hydrogel was successfully endowed with simulated enzyme activity including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) after the addition of nCeO 2 . Osteoblasts demonstrated superior cell proliferation and adhesion on composite scaffolds, and both mineralization test and gene expression demonstrated the strong osteogenic potential of GA-nCeO 2 hydrogel. The outcomes of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Masson trichrome staining in the femoral defect model of SD rats further supported the scaffold's favorable biocompatibility and bone-promoting capacity. Conclusion: Due to its favorable safety, degradability, and bone formation property, GA-nCeO 2 hydrogel was anticipated to be used as a potential bone defect healing material.

Tailoring Alginate-Gelatin Hydrogels to Precisely Modulate Osteogenesis in Dental Pulp Stem Cells While Preserving Other Cellular Behaviors

“…The structural analysis using SEM showed that both hydrogels exhibited a flat and homogeneous surface with no visible pores (Figure 2b). The interaction between the alginate and gelatine contributing to the hydrogel formation was monitored by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy (Figure 2c), confirming the presence of specific absorption bands assigned to the vibrations of the corresponding alginate and gelatine functional groups, as reported previously [23]. The absorption peaks at 1606 cm -1 and 1406 cm -1 in the infrared spectrum of pure alginate were attributed to the asymmetric stretching vibrations of the alginate groups.…”

hCeO2@ Cu5.4O nanoparticle alleviates inflammatory responses by regulating the CTSB–NLRP3 signaling pathway

“…The zeta potential is closely related to the stability of the dispersion. In general, the greater the absolute value of the zeta potential, the better the stability of the dispersion ( 25 ). As shown in Figure 2G , the XRD test of the synthesized h CeO 2 NPs was consistent with the typical cerium spectra (JSPDS-34-0394), confirming its cubic fluorite structure.…”

Performance of 3D printed porous polyetheretherketone composite scaffolds combined with nano-hydroxyapatite/carbon fiber in bone tissue engineering: a biological evaluation

“…However, the large amount of agglomeration of 30% nHA in the composites restricts the interaction of cells with the material and thus reduces the osteogenic differentiation ability of the cells. In addition, OCN is a marker indicating the maturation stage of osteoblasts ( Li F et al, 2022 ). It is crucial for maintaining the mechanical characteristics of bone and bone density and was primarily engaged in the mineralization process of the bone matrix.…”