Alginate/PVA/chitosan injection composites as scaffold material for nucleus pulposus regeneration

Abstract

Lower Back Pain (LBP) is common healthproblemin societywithprevalence80-85%. One of the causes of LBP is Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HNP). This disease occurs in intervertebral discs (IVD), supporting the spine, found a gel fluid called Nucleus pulposus (NP) at the center surrounded by 15-20 concentric thin layers of the Annulus fibrosus (AF). This gel that will come out through AF and nerve pinched behind which makes sufferer feel pain and numb. Handling HNP with physical therapy only reduce the pain and not totally cured. While the surgery use discectomy method by eliminating the protruding parts NP or in whole, but has some drawbacks, such as: high cost, wide surgical incisions, probably occurrence of bleeding or other neurological disorders. Solving problem with find new methods that are faster, easier, and more affordable, we analyze using of alginate/PVA composite with chitosan suspense as a reinforcement as hydrogel injectable material to replace NP. Independent variable is chitosan percentage each sample, as much 5; 10; 15%. This study as a purpose to know mechanical properties, biocompatible, injectable performance, viscosity of alginate/PVA/chitosan, SEM-EDX test and FTIR test. The best result got is addition chitosan 15% appropriate as NP replacement.

Application and development of hydrogel biomaterials for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration: a literature review

“…In recently reported studies, PVA-containing hydrogels have typically been used to fabricate highly biocompatible materials to replace the NP and AF, allowing NPCs to proliferate within them ( Binetti et al, 2014 ; Suryandaru et al, 2021 ; Jia et al, 2022a ). Given the aforementioned characteristics of PVA, the use of PVA as a hydrogel component should be considered as a way to enhance the mechanical properties of hydrogels to better replace IVDs and provide slow drug release for the long-term treatment of IVDD.…”

PVA‐Based Hydrogels: Promising Candidates for Articular Cartilage Repair

“…An alginate/PVA/chitosan hydrogel is also reported to be injectable while the mechanism behind remains unclarified. [ 105 ]…”

Using embedded alginate microparticles to tune the properties of in situ forming poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐graft‐chondroitin sulfate bioadhesive hydrogels for replacement and repair of the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc

“…For tissue engineering approaches to repairing the IVD, the injectable hydrogel must meet these requirements and also support viability of encapsulated cells and prevent their leakage during motion and loading 22,23 . Toward these design goals, multiple in situ forming hydrogel materials have been studied for NP replacement and regeneration, like decellularized matrix‐based systems, 24,25 alginate, 26 collagen, 27,28 hyaluronic acid, 29,30 and chitosan 31 …”

“… 22 , 23 Toward these design goals, multiple in situ forming hydrogel materials have been studied for NP replacement and regeneration, like decellularized matrix‐based systems, 24 , 25 alginate, 26 collagen, 27 , 28 hyaluronic acid, 29 , 30 and chitosan. 31 …”