“…In the remanufacturing process, reasonable scheduling can further enhance resource utilization, reduce energy consumption, and improve customer satisfaction. Currently, most studies have focused on optimizing the makespan (Peng et al, 2019), cost (Junior and Godinho Filho, 2017), energy consumption (Zhao et al, 2019), customer satisfaction measured based on a predetermined due date (Kim et al, 2017; Lee et al, 2015), or a combination of these factors (Gong et al, 2020). However, the relationship between remanufacturers and customers is disregarded.…”