Alien flora across European coastal dunes

Giulio, Silvia; Acosta, Alicia Teresa Rosario; Carboni, Marta; Campos, Juan Antonio; Chytrý, Milan; Loidi, Javier; Pergl, Jan; Pyšek, Petr; Isermann, Maike; Janssen, John; Rodwell, J. S.; Schaminée, J.H.J.; Marcenò, Corrado

doi:10.1111/avsc.12490

Cited by 51 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Among these, biodiversity in the Mediterranean Basin is particularly vulnerable because of intense human exploitation, land degradation (Hill et al, 2008;Underwood et al, 2009), and increasingly arid climatic conditions (Roy et al, 2019). The Mediterranean Basin is also threatened by alien plants moved around by long-distance trade exchanges (Seebens et al, 2018), as shown by global (Sala, 2000;Arianoutsou et al, 2013;Pyšek et al, 2017;Casado et al, 2018) and several regional studies (Chytrý et al, 2008;Carboni et al, 2010Vilà et al, 2011Ronk et al, 2017;Giulio et al, 2020). In particular, the European and Anatolian part of the Mediterranean Basin (further on "Mediterranean Europe") is considered at high risk of new invasions both under current (Brunel et al, 2010;Roy et al, 2019) and future (Gritti et al, 2006) climatic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biogeography of alien plant invasions in the Mediterranean Basin

Pinna

Axmanová

Chytrý

et al. 2021

J Vegetation Science

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Aims: Humans have deeply eroded biogeographic barriers, causing a rapid spread of alien species across biomes. The Mediterranean Basin is a biodiversity hotspot but is also known as a hub of alien plant invasions, particularly in its European part. Yet, a comprehensive inventory of alien species in the area is missing and understanding of the drivers of Mediterranean invasions is poor. Here, we aim to identify the main alien plant species in the European part of the Mediterranean Basin and quantify their invasion success in order to understand the plant species flows from other biomes of the world. Location:The Mediterranean region of Europe, Anatolia and Cyprus. Methods:We analyzed 130,000 georeferenced vegetation plots from the European Vegetation Archive (EVA) and identified 299 extra-European alien plant species. We identified their biomes of origin and quantified the mean geographic distance, trade exchange and climatic similarity from each biome to the study area. After estimating the invasion success of each species in the study area, we tested which biomes have donated more alien species than expected by chance and which drivers best explain these non-random patterns. Results:We found that other Mediterranean climatic regions, as well as temperate and xeric biomes of the world, are the main donors of successful alien species to Mediterranean Europe, beyond what would be expected by chance. Our results suggest that climatic matching, rather than geographic proximity or trade, has been the most important driver of invasion. However, climatic pre-adaptation alone also does not appear to predict the invasion success of established species in the study area. Conclusions:Our results highlight the need to pay special attention to alien plant species from the same or climatically similar biomes, but also suggest that further research is needed for early screening of the most problematic alien species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biogeography of alien plant invasions in the Mediterranean Basin

Pinna

Axmanová

Chytrý

et al. 2021

J Vegetation Science

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“…Among the particularly noxious invasive plant species are species of the genus Carpobrotus (Aizoaceae), or ice plant (Giulio et al, 2020). Carpobrotus species are succulent perennial herbs native to South Africa, Australia or Chile, introduced outside of their native range for ornamental or soil stabilization purposes (Campoy et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native plant community recovery after Carpobrotus (ice plant) removal on an island — results of a 10‐year project

Buisson

Braschi

Chenot‐Lescure

et al. 2020

Applied Vegetation Science

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Species of the genus Carpobrotus, or iceplant, are succulent mat-forming perennial herbs often introduced for soil stabilization. They are common in coastal environments and may thus threaten island biodiversity. While their effects are well known on soils, plant communities and associated fauna, the effects of Carpobrotus control on vegetation recovery is poorly documented. The aim of the paper is to describe plant community trajectories after Carpobrotus removal. Location Bagaud: a 58-ha Mediterranean island, southern France. Methods Carpobrotus and its litter were removed in 2011-2012. Follow-up controls of germinations and resprouts were carried out from then on. Plant communities were surveyed every year two years before and seven years after Carpobrotus removal: on two ca. 0.5-ha sites (one coastal and one inland) and in three native plant communities used as potential references. Differences in resprouts, vegetation parameters, Bray-Curtis similarity indices between years were tested. Plant community dynamics was studied through a NMDS and two recovery indices. Results The removal of Carpobrotus and its litter led to the recovery of diverse native plant communities. To prevent Carpobrotus return and ensure success, follow-up controls were necessary for a period of at least seven years, but the amount of work decreased with time. The plant community recovering on the coastal site quickly reached a composition and structure similar to that of noninvaded coastal vegetation, although some slow-growing native species remain under-represented (e.g. Crithmum maritimum and Limonium pseudominutum). The plant community recovering on the inland site was still very different from the surrounding matorral vegetation because of its slow colonization dynamics, particularly in the presence of competitive herbaceous species. Conclusion Both sites now provide diverse native plant communities with a more diversified composition and structure (plant heights, litter, bare ground patches) than the plant communities which used to be associated with Carpobrotus mats.

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“…Another source of concern stems from biological invasions, which are deemed a severe threat to biodiversity (second only to habitat loss and fragmentation; DAISIE, 2009;Vilà et al, 2011;EEA, 2012). Coastal areas are often reported to host many alien species (Von Holle and Motzkin, 2007;Chytrý et al, 2008;Giulio et al, 2020) and are considered as one of the most invaded ecosystems worldwide (Dawson et al, 2017). Especially in sand dune habitats, alien species can exert strong ecological impacts (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling native and alien plant diversity in coastal sand dune ecosystems worldwide

Tordoni

Bacaro

Weigelt

et al. 2020

J Vegetation Science

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Aims: (a) To disentangle the global patterns of native and alien plant diversity on coastal sand dune ecosystems across habitats and floristic kingdoms; (b) to determine the main drivers of variation in species richness in native and alien species in these endangered ecosystems; and (c) to test for an interaction between spatial scale and native-alien richness patterns, as predicted by the invasion paradox. Location: Global. Methods: We collated a dataset of 14,841 vegetation plots in coastal sand dune ecosystems from around the world. Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) and Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) were used to assess the patterns and main ecological determinants underlying native and alien species richness. Variation partitioning revealed the relative importance of environmental and anthropogenic variables. Results: GLMs revealed strong differences among both habitats and floristic kingdoms in the number of native and alien species. Specifically, native species richness increased along the sea-inland gradient and was higher in the Cape and Paleotropical kingdoms. In contrast, alien species richness was relatively similar across habitats and kingdoms, though some differences were detected. There were strong differences between the drivers of native and alien richness; anthropogenic factors such as gross domestic product were positively associated with alien richness whereas native richness was more strongly related to environmental factors. Furthermore, we found a weak support for an invasion paradox effect. Conclusions: Our results revealed the complexity of causal processes underpinning coastal sand dune plant biodiversity and highlight the importance of considering native and alien species separately. Recognizing these differences while researching variation in biodiversity patterns and processes at multiple spatial scales will lead to a better mechanistic understanding of the causes of invasion worldwide, and in

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Alien flora across European coastal dunes

Cited by 51 publications

References 57 publications

The biogeography of alien plant invasions in the Mediterranean Basin

The biogeography of alien plant invasions in the Mediterranean Basin

Native plant community recovery after Carpobrotus (ice plant) removal on an island — results of a 10‐year project

Disentangling native and alien plant diversity in coastal sand dune ecosystems worldwide

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