“…The main difficulty in the determination of the structure of LB films is the presence of the substrate and its higher thickness compared to the film itself (tenths of a mm versus tenths of a micron, respectively). LB films have been studied by a range of techniques such as IR, − UV spectroscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), − Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), neutron 6 and X-ray scattering, − and optical, electron, , and atomic force microscopy. ,− Szeles et al showed that PAS coupled with the beam technique is able to detect an LB film as thin as 3 MML and their results showed that the technique was able to differentiate between films of different composition and number of MML.…”