Aligning innovation and information with development: a comparative analysis of developed and developing nations

Shabeer, Muhammad Ghulam; Rasul, Farhat

doi:10.1007/s10668-024-04478-9

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Although higher than the 2007 trough, the present ratio remains lower than it was in the 1980s and 1990s. Pakistan's debt-to-GDP ratio is lower than India, Brazil, Sri Lanka, and Egypt, but greater than most East Asian and Latin American nations (Arshed et al, 2022;Shabeer and Rasul, 2024a). Pakistan's national debt-to-GDP ratio exceeds the FRDL Act's 2005 limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Unlocking Pakistan's Debt Conundrum: A Deep Dive into the Dynamics of Debt Servicing and External Debt Stock

Shabeer,

Azra,

Anwar

et al. 2024

J. Econ. Impact

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Pakistan stands at a crossroads where the burgeoning debt servicing cost of Rs 7.3 trillion is going to swallow the lion’s share of the projected revenue of Rs 9.2 trillion. This revenue also includes the Rs 5.2 trillion share allocated to the provinces. It is essential to study the causes of such a high debt stock rate, which requires a large outflow of foreign reserves. This study took 50 years of data about Pakistan and analyzed certain determinants of debt stock including debt service cost, budget deficit, military expenditure, import bill, and population. ARDL was used after finding a mixed order for stationery. The short and long-run analysis is undertaken. The Result shows that debt cost has a significant negative impact on debt stock, whereas budget deficit, military expenditure, import, and population have a significant positive impact on national debt. Based on the results, this study suggests that military expenditure and imports should be decreased to control national debt. The population must be maintained at an optimal level. The government should not go for a budget deficit as it requires further loans. The Results were checked for robustness and the model was stable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Unlocking Pakistan's Debt Conundrum: A Deep Dive into the Dynamics of Debt Servicing and External Debt Stock

Shabeer,

Azra,

Anwar

et al. 2024

J. Econ. Impact

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Here's a breakdown of the components: Hence, we analyzed and concluded that the Hausman test p value is insignificant and revealed that the individual-specific influence is uncorrelated with the explanatory variables, assessing both within-entity and between-entity variability. Hence the study chooses the REM in this study (Mitze, 2009;Shabeer & Rasul, 2024a).…”

Section: Hausman Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, a high tax-to-GDP share indicates strong government revenue capacity, enabling investment in public services, social welfare, and infrastructure and fostering fiscal sustainability. The tax-to-GDP share is an indicator of the percentage of tax revenue to the gross domestic product (Dahal, 2020;Shabeer & Rasul, 2024a). A World Bank report in 2021 depicted that the average tax to GDP share in the world's countries was 15.8%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Dynamics of the Fiscal Landscape Through Institutional Lenses: A Case Study of South Asia

Shabeer,

Ayyubi,

Usman

et al. 2024

J. educ. soc. stud.

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Tax revenue is crucial for governments to finance essential expenditures, social welfare programs, and infrastructure development, which are vital for economic advancement and social well-being. A high tax-to-GDP ratio indicates a strong fiscal position and substantial revenue, which are fundamental for maintaining financial stability and ensuring long-term sustainability. Every country aims to enhance its revenues through various reforms. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of tax reforms in selected South Asian economies from 2002 to 2022, focusing on their influence on the tax-to-GDP ratio. The outcomes of the Breusch-Pagan and Hausman tests suggest that the Random Effects Model (REM) is suitable for this estimation. Findings of the REM reveal significant and positive associations between government effectiveness, law and order, political stability, and tax-to-GDP share, as one percent rise in the respective variables leads to 3.3%, 1.5%, and 2.02% per one percent improvement in the tax-to-GDP share. The Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel Causality Tests find no homogeneous causality among related variables. Recommendations include prioritizing government effectiveness, improving the law-and-order situation, maintaining political stability, and enhancing GDP growth to boost tax revenues. Future research will focus on optimizing fiscal policies and revenue mobilization strategies in the region.

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Aligning innovation and information with development: a comparative analysis of developed and developing nations

Cited by 2 publications

References 62 publications

Unlocking Pakistan's Debt Conundrum: A Deep Dive into the Dynamics of Debt Servicing and External Debt Stock

Unlocking Pakistan's Debt Conundrum: A Deep Dive into the Dynamics of Debt Servicing and External Debt Stock

Understanding the Dynamics of the Fiscal Landscape Through Institutional Lenses: A Case Study of South Asia

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