Alignment Layer of Liquid Crystal Using Plant-Based Isoeugenol-Substituted Polystyrene

Yang, DaEun; Seo, Kyutae; Kang, Hyo

doi:10.3390/polym13040547

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…The undetectable isoeugenol in 3years-old wood indicated a decrease in the metabolism of this compound at that age. Isoeugenol is a phenylpropene that is one of the most significant components of natural flavors and is known to have antioxidant and antibacterial properties (Yang et al 2021). However, as an insecticide, it also has moderate toxicity to red palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus) (AlJabr et al 2017).…”

Section: A B Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical characteristics of Falcataria moluccana wood infested by Boktor stem borer (Xystrocera festiva)

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Haneda NF, Supriatna AH, Shabrina H, Istikorini Y, Siregar UJ, Wahyudi I. 2021. Chemical characteristics of Falcataria moluccana wood infested by Boktor stem borer (Xystrocera festiva). Biodiversitas 22: 4203-4208. Boktor (Xystrocera festiva Thoms.) is the most destructive and detrimental pest in Falcata plantations in Indonesia. It attacks the inner bark of sapwood when the tree reaches 3-years-old. This study aimed to analyze the chemical characteristics of Falcata woods, which were infested with Boktor in trees aged 3 and 4 years, compared to the healthy tree at 2 years old. The primary chemical components and type of extractive compounds were analyzed using standard procedures. The results showed a decrease in hemicellulose and an increase in lignin content of infected wood. This condition occurs because Boktor larvae prefer hemicellulose rather than lignin, which is related to the presence of enzymes in the digestive system of the larvae. The decreasing extractive contents as trees grow and undergo age-related shifting metabolism can be alleged as the start of Boktor infestation in 3-years-old trees. Boktor infestation also altering the wood chemical components by degrading the lignin that produced 4-vinyl-syringol. The isoeugenol compound is thought to prevent Boktor infestation in the early period of tree growth.

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Section: A B Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical characteristics of Falcataria moluccana wood infested by Boktor stem borer (Xystrocera festiva)

et al. 2021

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“…PS derivatives, grafted with long alkyl groups, natural extracts, etc., have been studied to orient LC molecules vertically to the substrates using a non-contact method [ 42 , 43 ]. For example, vertical orientation of LC molecules has been shown in previous studies in LC cells prepared with PS derivatives substituted with long alkyl groups, natural extracts such as eugenol, vanillin, and isoeugenol [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. This is due to the long alkyl group of the natural extract, which is related to the low surface energy as a result of the steric effect of the alkyl group on the surface of the polymer film [ 47 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Vertical Alignment of Liquid Crystal on Sustainable 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenoxymethyl-Substituted Polystyrene Films

2022

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We synthesized sustainable 2,4-di-tert-butylphenoxymethyl-substituted polystyrenes (PDtBP#, # = 88, 68, 35, and 19, where # is molar percent contents of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenoxymethyl moiety), using post-polymerization modification reactions in order to study their liquid crystal (LC) alignment behaviors. In general, LC cells fabricated using polymer film with higher molar content of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenoxymethyl side groups showed vertical LC alignment behavior. LC alignment behavior in LC cell was related to the surface energy of the polymer alignment layer. For example, when the total surface energy value of the polymer layer was smaller than about 29.4 mJ/m2, vertical alignment behaviors were observed, generated by the nonpolar 2,4-di-tert-butylphenoxymethyl moiety with long and bulky carbon groups. Orientation stability was observed at 200 °C in the LC cells fabricated using PDtBP88 as the LC alignment layer. Therefore, as a natural compound modified polymer, PDtBP# can be used as a candidate LC alignment layer for environmentally friendly applications.

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“…In liquid crystal (LC) displays, the alignment technology that controls the directions of the LC molecules is an important factor 1 . Among the available LC alignment technologies, the rubbing method is the most common, 2–5 wherein the alignment film is physically rubbed to create grooves in specific directions such that the LCs are aligned along these grooves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface reformed anisotropic polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene‐ran‐butylene)‐block‐polystyrene‐graft‐maleic anhydride layer via ion‐beam irradiation for liquid crystals

Kim

Lee

et al. 2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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The surface modifications and liquid crystal (LC) alignment properties of polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene-graft-maleic anhydride (SEBS-g-MA) films induced by ion-beam (IB) irradiation are reported herein.Changes to the surfaces of the SEBS-g-MA films from IB irradiation at various incidence angles and changes in the LC orientations upon LC cell fabrication were analyzed. The physical surface modifications due to IB irradiation were observed via atomic force microscopy. Additionally, changes in the molecular composition of the surface were observed through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Polarized optical microscopy analysis shows that excellent LC alignment properties could be obtained after IB irradiation at angles exceeding 45 . Further, the anisotropy caused by IB irradiation was more responsible for uniform LC alignment than the corrugated pattern.atomic force microscopy, ion-beam irradiation, liquid crystal alignment, polystyrene-block-poly (ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene-graft-maleic anhydride, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy | INTRODUCTIONIn liquid crystal (LC) displays, the alignment technology that controls the directions of the LC molecules is an important factor. 1 Among the available LC alignment technologies, the rubbing method is the most common, 2-5 wherein the alignment film is physically rubbed to create grooves in specific directions such that the LCs are aligned along these grooves. However, owing to the nature of the rubbing process, static electricity or scratches can occur, which may affect the uniformity of the grooves and hence the LC arrangement. To overcome these shortcomings, other nonrubbing methods, such as photoalignment, 6-8 plasma-beam alignment, 9 atmospheric pressure, 10 ion-beam (IB) irradiation, 11,12 and nanoimprinting lithography, [13][14][15] have been studied. Of these, the IB irradiation method is used in the present study and involves applying an Ar + ion-induced plasma beam onto a film to supply energy to its surface, thereby inducing uniform alignment. This method has the advantage of producing strong LC alignment effects in both organic and inorganic materials.Many polymers, such as polyimide, polystyrene, and poly(ethylene glycol), have been used to fabricate the LC alignment layers. Polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene-graft-maleic anhydride (SEBS-g-MA) is a functional triblock copolymer with high impact strength, rigidity, and transmittance, which makes it an excellent option for display materials. [16][17][18][19] In addition, owing to the maleic anhydride group, SEBS-g-MA can be used as a compatibilizer. Recently, studies on the possibility of IB-irradiated SEBS-g-MA film as an LC alignment layer have been conducted. 20 In this paper, we analyzed the surface modification and anisotropy of SEBS-g-MA film according to the IB irradiation angle, and studied the LC alignment characteristics accordingly. Depending on the IB

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Alignment Layer of Liquid Crystal Using Plant-Based Isoeugenol-Substituted Polystyrene

Cited by 4 publications

References 82 publications

Chemical characteristics of Falcataria moluccana wood infested by Boktor stem borer (Xystrocera festiva)

Chemical characteristics of Falcataria moluccana wood infested by Boktor stem borer (Xystrocera festiva)

Vertical Alignment of Liquid Crystal on Sustainable 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenoxymethyl-Substituted Polystyrene Films

Surface reformed anisotropic polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene‐ran‐butylene)‐block‐polystyrene‐graft‐maleic anhydride layer via ion‐beam irradiation for liquid crystals

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