Articles you may be interested inElectron back-scattering coefficient below 5 keV: Analytical expressions and surface-barrier effects J. Appl. Phys. 112, 084905 (2012); 10.1063/1.4759367 100 keV electron backscattered range and coefficient for silicon J.Scattering with angular limitation in projection electron-beam lithography ͑SCALPEL͒ marks for alignment and registration have been fabricated in SiO 2 deposited in Si trenches using a process that is similar to that used for shallow trench isolation in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor ͑CMOS͒ integrated circuits. The marks were detected using backscattered electrons in a SCALPEL exposure tool using 100 keV incident electrons. The signal-to-noise from the Si/SiO 2 marks is comparable to that measured from Si/WSi 2 marks fabricated in CMOS gate material. The Si/SiO 2 marks fabricated from this process are a viable option for gate alignment to the thin oxide level and is extensible to circuits with critical dimensions less than 100 nm.