Alkali catalyzed transesterification of safflower seed oil assisted by microwave irradiation

Duz, M. Zahir; Saydut, Abdurrahman; Öztürk, Gülşen

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2010.09.020

Cited by 74 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…(3) This homogeneous mixture of methyl alcohol and catalyst KOH was mixed with 150 g safflower oil. (4) The conical flask containing the mixture of oil, alcohol and catalyst was heated at a constant temperature of 50-60°C (Patrascoiu et al 2013;Meka et al 2007;Duz et al 2011) and stirred at the same time simultaneously inside a water bath shaker at about 700 rev/min for 60 min, 75 min and 90 min, respectively. (5) After completion of the reaction time, the products were poured into a separating funnel and kept 1-2 h for separation of phases (Ilkilic et al 2011).…”

Section: Alkaline Transesterification Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of safflower oil transesterification using the Taguchi approach

et al. 2017

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Biodiesel is an alternative renewable fuel which is produced by using biomass resources. Its physicochemical properties are close to those of the petroleum diesel fuel. This study highlights biodiesel production from safflower seed oil. The main aim of this experimental work is to optimize the process parameters, namely the methanolto-oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration, reaction time and reaction temperature for biodiesel production. The Taguchi robust design approach was used with an L9 orthogonal array to analyze the influence of process factors on performance parameters. The results showed that the optimum yield of biodiesel was 93.8% with viscosity 5.60 cSt, with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 4:1, catalyst concentration of 1.5 wt%, reaction time of 90 min and reaction temperature of 60°C. The catalyst concentration was found to be the most influencing parameter which contributed 51.1% and 50.8% of the total effect on the yield of biodiesel, Y 1 , and viscosity of biodiesel, Y 2 , respectively.

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Section: Alkaline Transesterification Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of safflower oil transesterification using the Taguchi approach

et al. 2017

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“…Both of them are water forming catalysts [18,19] and from the material cost perspective the sodium hydroxide is the catalyst of a better choice [4,16,17]; nevertheless, the potassium hydroxide may have some other advantages [20]. As the obtained experimental characteristics obviously depend not only on catalyst formulation, but also on the other variables (quality of the feedstock, methanol-to-oil molar ratio, temperature and reaction time), it is very difficult to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the defined catalyst formulation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a renewable fuel produced by the transesterification of vegetable oils, recycled cooking greases and animal fats. The process of transesterification of triglycerides takes place by the usage of methanol or ethanol and different catalysts (homogenous basic, homogenous acid, heterogenous basic, heterogenous acid or enzymatic catalysts) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The yield of the desired product as well as economic and ecologic aspects of biodiesel production depend on the quality of the catalyst [11] and the other transesterification parameters such as the quality of oil, catalyst formulation, amount of catalyst, molar ratio of methanol to oil, reaction temperature and reaction time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Synthesis from Rapeseed Oil in the Presence of Sodium and Potassium Hydroxides

Kampars

Māliņš

Rusakova

et al. 2013

Material Science and Applied Chemistry

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Abstract. Biodiesel is produced by methanolysis or ethanolysis of triglycerides, and there are many factors affecting the transesterification process. The most important variables of the transesterification reaction are as follows: quality of the oil, catalyst type, concentration of catalyst, molar ratio of alcohol to oil, temperature and reaction time. The literature studies show that there is not a generally accepted procedure for the characterisation of transesterification reactions results and catalyst formulation activity. Therefore, even the evaluation of the usability of the most utilised industrial catalysts (sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide) is inconsistent. The experimental investigations of the transesterification reactions of high quality rapeseed oil in the presence of the above mentioned catalysts by change of all the variables allow us to regard two different characteristics of each reaction (reaction yield and process yield) that has to be determined. The comparison of these two characteristics gives a new instrument for classification of catalyst formulations. In the case of high quality rapeseed oil, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide have shown a similar activity. Sodium hydroxide is more preferable when the concentration area of the used catalysts is low, but potassium hydroxide -at the high concentration area of catalysts.

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“…Many researches were performed on biodiesel production from oils by batch process [21][22][23][24]. Although, the batch transesterification process is simple and presents several technical advantages, there is much inefficiency associated with batch production.…”

Section: Res Dev Materials Scimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another problem is the need for large size of vessel [25,26]. However, reaction vessels cannot be very large for biodiesel production by microwave irradiation due to limitation of penetration of microwave irradiation and safety [24,27]. The significant quantities of reagents can be processed in the continuous flow and only a relatively small quantity of material is in the microwave field at any one time [28,29].…”

Section: Res Dev Materials Scimentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Assessment and Process Optimization of Alkali Catalyzed Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil Using Microwave Flow System

Nayebzadeh¹

2017

RDMS

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The utilization of non-edible/waste oils and microwave heating system are expected to reduce the cost of biodiesel and contribute to reducing global food demand. In this study, the continuous biodiesel production from waste cooking oil (WCO) by the use of a microwave flow system has been investigated. The utilization of WCO as a biodiesel feedstock is expected to minimize the industrial biodiesel production. A household microwave was modified as a biodiesel reactor for continuous transesterification. The effect of transesterification reaction parameters such as methanol/WCO molar ratio (3:1, 6:1 and 9:1), quantity of the catalyst (0.5%, 0.75%, 1% and 1.5%in weight of KOH) and flow rate of reactant (6, 10.5 and 14.5ml/ min) in various microwave output power (360, 450, 540, 630 and 720 watts) on the biodiesel yield has been evaluated. Results showed that WCO can be converted to biodiesel (96.53%) within 4min under methanol/oil molar ratio of 6:1, 0.75 wt. % catalyst, 6ml/min flow rate in 450W microwave output power. Moreover, the results explained that the high yield can be obtained when the reaction temperature is in the range of 40-45 °C. Microwave assisted continuous transesterification process is simple, practical, time-saving and no requirement to pretreatment of feedstock, offering alternative production method to produce biodiesel according to European Union draft standards.

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Alkali catalyzed transesterification of safflower seed oil assisted by microwave irradiation

Cited by 74 publications

References 47 publications

Optimization of safflower oil transesterification using the Taguchi approach

Optimization of safflower oil transesterification using the Taguchi approach

Biodiesel Synthesis from Rapeseed Oil in the Presence of Sodium and Potassium Hydroxides

Temperature Assessment and Process Optimization of Alkali Catalyzed Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil Using Microwave Flow System

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