Alkali/Chloride release during refuse incineration on a grate: Full-scale experimental findings

Investigation of chloride deposit formation in a 24MWe waste to energy plant

“…However, due to the desire to improve the electrical efficiency of WTE plants by raising the steam temperature, potential high temperature corrosion problems on the heat transfer surface have been introduced. This constitutes significant operational issues which have caused a loss of material, frequent shut-downs for maintenance and high operational costs in WTE plants [4]. It is well known that the high chlorine content of MSW induces a significant volume of deposit and high corrosion rates on the http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.09.112 0016-2361/Ó 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.…”

Chlorine characterization and thermal behavior in MSW and RDF

“…Nowadays, around 130 million tonnes of MSW and RDF are incinerated annually all over the world in over 600 waste-to-energy (WTE) plants producing heat and power [1]. However, WTE plants have the weakness of a low energy efficiency of 15-25% (at 420 • C and 40 bar steam parameters) [5], due to the low steam temperature to prevent severe boiler corrosion, fouling, and slagging [6]. New WTE plants have a maximal reachable electrical efficiency of 30% (at 580 • C and 289 bar steam pressure) as shown at the Amsterdam MSW incinerator [7].…”

Characteristics of Chlorine Emission during Rice Husk Combustion

“…If the reactions at different temperatures were all isothermal, volume-constant irreversible zero-order reactions, then the HCl formation rate and its integral form were [20]:…”