Alkene-Catalyzed Rapid Layer-by-Layer Thinning of Black Phosphorus for Precise Nanomanufacturing

Abstract

Black phosphorus (BP) is a promising material for electronic and optoelectronic applications. However, it is still challenging to obtain geometrically well-defined BP with desirable thickness. The method involving rapid BP surface reaction via alkene-catalyzed oxidation and easy removal of reactants by a mechanical effect was proposed to achieve the precise layer-by-layer thinning and real-time thickness monitoring of BP for nanopatterning with high spatial resolution based on mechanical scanning probe nanolithography. The enhanced electron affinity of oxygen with the assistance of a carbon–carbon double bond (CC) in the alkene was demonstrated by density functional theory calculations, shortening the BP surface oxidation period by 99%, which provides access for the rapid thinning. The few-layer BP nanoflake with nested structure and arbitrary thickness on various substrates and the nanopatterned heterojunctions (BP/graphene and BP/hexagonal boron nitride) can be precisely fabricated by the adjustment of scanning number under a small load. This thinning technology was efficient and universal, which could be used to fabricate a BP field-effect transistor with a thinned channel to enhance the capability for current modulation, showing great potential applications for designing high-performance nanodevices.

Microwave-Induced Construction of Flame-Retardant TPU Foams with Adjustable Sensitivity for Piezoresistive Sensing

“…The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern of BP exhibited bright and distinct electron diffraction spots with excellent symmetry, indicating the high quality of the obtained BP (Figure e) . The AFM images of BP shown in Figure f further suggest its apparent sheet-like structure …”

“…18 The AFM images of BP shown in Figure 2f further suggest its apparent sheet-like structure. 19 Figure 3a−c compares the particle dimensions between TPU and ball-milling TBC particles. After the ball milling process, the particle shape of the TPU and TBC samples remained almost unchanged (Figure 3a), and the particle diameter showed only a small increase (Figure 3b,c).…”

Enhancing the Triboelectric Charges and Manipulating the Resistance of a Te Thin Film

“…Two-dimensional (2D) materials have great application prospects in the field of M/NEMS due to their ultrathin crystal structure, high mechanical strength, and excellent physical and chemical properties. − However, research on the micro- and nanoscale CE mechanisms based on 2D materials is currently limited due to the low amount of frictional charges generated and the subsequent difficultly in detecting and characterizing them. , Single-element 2D materials, such as graphene and black phosphorus (BP), offer novel research strategies for the CE mechanism owing to their simple and well-defined structures. − Some analysis was conducted on the macroscopic CE mechanism based on graphene. , The research on CE based on graphene is limited on the nanoscale mainly because graphene has a zero bandgap, which causes the charges generated by frictional electrification to dissipate easily . Additionally, the carbon atoms in graphene easily undergo oxidation–reduction reactions with the generated charges .…”

Machinability of MoS2 after Oxygen Plasma Treatment under Mechanical Scanning Probe Lithography

“…Within this context, scanning probe nanolithography (SPL) has emerged as a potent and resist-free lithographic technique, providing precise nanoscale accuracy and direct patterning capabilities on TMDCs [11][12][13][14][15]. Notably, mechanical scanning probe lithography (m-SPL), the fundamental method of SPL, involved directly applying force to remove material from a surface.…”