Alkylation of Biphenyl and Naphthalene over Zeolites: Characteristics of Shape-selective Catalysis in Zeolite Channels

The isopropylation of naphthalene with propene over H-mordenite: The catalysis at the internal and external acid sites

“…Among the zeolites, H-Mordenite (MOR) offers a typical shape-selective catalysis in the isopropylation of NP [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. We have been interested to clarify where and how the shape selective catalysis occurs during last decades, and indicated that the selective formation of 2,6-DIPN occurs through the least bulky transition state due to the exclusion of the bulky isomers by the MOR channels [12][13][14].…”

“…We have previously proposed that the encapsulated products are "finger prints of the catalysis" for the explanation of the catalysis in zeolite channels in the isopropylation of NP and BP [4,6,7,12,31,32]. In this paper, we describe the relationships between bulk and encapsulated DIPN isomers from low to high conversions under various reaction parameters in the isopropylation of NP with propene over MOR, and discuss where and how the shape-selective catalysis occurs.…”

“…Some zeolites are expected to offer unique shape-selective catalysis through the interaction of reactants, intermediates, and products with their pores and channels [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The shape-selective catalysis occurs through molecular recognition of organic molecules in their pores and channels of zeolites which can exclude the bulky reactants, intermediates, and/or products by the steric interaction with them, resulting in the formation of the less bulky products [2,[6][7][8].…”

“…The shape-selective catalysis occurs through molecular recognition of organic molecules in their pores and channels of zeolites which can exclude the bulky reactants, intermediates, and/or products by the steric interaction with them, resulting in the formation of the less bulky products [2,[6][7][8]. They are classified as "reactant selectivity", "product selectivity", and "restricted transition state selectivity" mechanisms [2,[4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…The confined circumstances of the zeolite channels control the steric interaction of the transition states to products; therefore, only zeolites, which preferentially accommodate the less bulky products, can direct the shape-selective catalysis in their pore and channels [2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”