Alkylation of phenol with methanol over zeolite H-MCM-22 for the formation of p-cresol

An investigation into factors which influence the formation of p-cresol in the methanol alkylation of phenol over MCM-22 and ZSM-5

“…a p:o-ratio of about 0.5 is obtained, corresponding to the prevalence of the positions (1:2) on the phenol ring [21].…”

“…This facilitated observing the formation of primary products. It was clearly observed, by using the results of the alkylation reactions and the reactions of the major individual product molecules, that anisole and cresols appear both as primary products, forming in a parallel manner [20,21,22].…”

Selective Synthesis of p‐Cresol by Alkylation of Phenol with Methanol over SiO2‐Modified HMCM‐22 Catalyst

“…[12] However, o-cresol is always the main product under both single and multi-component metal oxide catalysts, while the selectivity of p-cresol is very low. In addition, solid acid such as Zeolite (AlMCM-41, ZSM-5, ZSM-11, β, H-USY) was also used in the alkylation of phenol, and the reaction temperature is relatively lower than that of metal oxides catalysts.. [6,[17][18][19][20][21][22] Bhattacharyya et al [17] prepared a series of mesoporous Al-MCM-41, however, the main product was o-cresol (selectivity: 43.7 %), and the selectivity of p-cresol and m-cresol was only 17.2 %. A similar cresol distribution was also found in ZSM-5, ZSM-11, β and H-USY catalysts.…”

Oligochæta from Windermere and the Lake District

“…Some faunistic records of the Oligoch&a of Lake Windermere in the papers of Moon (1934Moon ( , 1935Moon ( , 1936 and Humphries (1936) require closer examination.…”

“…In his second paper Moon (1935) mentioned only Limnodrilus sp., and in the third (1936) made an attempt to describe the fauna of the shallow littoral region of Sandywyke Bay at the north-west end of the lake, which differs from the shore-line described in his earlier paper by not being exposed to wave action and extensively silted $.…”