“…Individual–group (in)congruence constellations revolve around the (mis)alignment between members and their respective group regarding their shared values, perceptions of personal group–environment fits, or personality facets. Studies have applied different theories, for example, Schwartz’s (1992) theory of basic human values (e.g., Benish-Weisman et al, 2020; Zyphur et al, 2016), person–environment fit theories (Hsu et al, 2014; Junker et al, 2022; Kivlighan et al, 2015; Zhao et al, 2021), the Big Five framework (Boele et al, 2017), or social cognitive and identity theories (e.g., Coo et al, 2021; Litrico & Choi, 2013; Meeussen et al, 2014). For instance, within the context of personality and social–psychological research, Benish-Weisman et al (2020) examined adolescents’ value endorsement with that of their classmates on self-esteem (adolescents nested within 92 classrooms).…”