All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Rates of Patients Treated for Alcohol use Disorders: A Meta-Analysis

Abdul-Rahman, Abdul-Kareem; Card, Timothy R.; Grainge, Matthew J; Fleming, Kate M

doi:10.1080/08897077.2018.1475318

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Excessive alcohol consumption is an important public health problem, and globally, alcohol ingestion in 2016 was estimated to be 6.4 L of pure alcohol per person, which is related to risk of developing of several diseases, resulting in some 3 million deaths [1]. High ethanol concentrations present in alcoholic beverages have the capacity to directly injure the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in acute and chronic damage, such as erosive hemorrhagic gastritis and peptic ulcers [2,3,4]. Since ethanol is one of the most usually accepted and abused psychoactive drugs [1], the gastric injury generated by its abuse is a worrying consequence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 Protects against Gastric Damage Induced by Ethanol Administration in Mice: Role of TRPV1/Substance P Axis

et al. 2019

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (DSM) on ethanol-induced gastric injury, and if its possible mechanism of action is related to inhibiting the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1). We evaluated the effect of supplementing 108 CFU•g body wt−1•day−1 of DSM on ethanol-induced gastric injury. DSM significantly reduced the ulcer area (1.940 ± 1.121 mm2) with 3 days of pretreatment. The effects of DSM supplementation were reversed by Resiniferatoxin (RTX), TRPV1 agonist (3 nmol/kg p.o.). Substance P (SP) (1 μmol/L per 20 g) plus 50% ethanol resulted in hemorrhagic lesions, and DSM supplementation did not reverse the lesion area induced by administering SP. TRPV1 staining intensity was lower, SP, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite levels were reduced, and restored normal levels of antioxidant parameters (glutathione and superoxide dismutase) in the gastric mucosa in mice treated with DSM. In conclusion, DSM exhibited gastroprotective activity through decreased expression of TRPV1 receptor and decreasing SP levels, with a consequent reduction of oxidative stress.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 Protects against Gastric Damage Induced by Ethanol Administration in Mice: Role of TRPV1/Substance P Axis

et al. 2019

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“…Previously, among people with an alcohol use disorder, the proportion of liver diseases was found to be three times greater than neuropsychiatric disorders [51,52]. It appears that liver diseases may have been under‐reported in some of the examined countries (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality in the Americas from 2013 to 2015 resulting from diseases, conditions and injuries which are 100% alcohol‐attributable

et al. 2021

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Aims To describe mortality in the Americas from 2013 to 2015 inclusive resulting from diseases, conditions and injuries which are 100% attributable to alcohol consumption. Design and setting Mortality registry, population‐based study. The data come from 30 of the 35 countries of the Americas for the triennium of 2013 to 2015. Participants and cases A total of 18 673 791 deaths coded by three‐digit ICD‐10 codes were analyzed. Measurements Cause (underlying), and age‐specific and age‐adjusted mortality rates were calculated by sex and country. Findings From 2013 to 2015 inclusive, among 30 of the 35 countries of the Americas, an average of 85 032 deaths per year were entirely attributable to alcohol. Men accounted for 83.1% of all 100% alcohol‐attributable deaths, and death rates were higher for men than for women across all countries; however, the ratios of 100% alcohol‐attributable deaths by sex varied by country. The majority of all 100% alcohol‐attributable deaths occurred among those aged under 60 years (64.9%) and were due to liver disease (63.9%) followed by neuropsychiatric disorders (27.4%). Age‐adjusted 100% alcohol‐attributable mortality rates were highest in Nicaragua (23.2 per 100 000) and Guatemala (19.0 per 100 000), although the majority of all 100% alcohol‐attributable deaths occurred in the United States 36.9%), Brazil (24.8%), and Mexico (18.4%). Conclusions From 2013 to 2015, more than 85 000 deaths in the Americas were 100% attributable to alcohol. Most of those occurred in people under 60 years and the highest mortality rates occurred in the United States, Brazil and Mexico.

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“…The higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among people with schizophrenia has been linked to lifestyle, antipsychotic medication, and shared genetic vulnerabilities [19–21]. Although a modest amount of alcohol intake being protective against cardiovascular mortality, [22] alcohol use disorder has been linked to a more than six times higher mortality because of cardiovascular illness compared with the general population [23]. Use and misuse of cannabis and other illicit substance have also been linked to an increased cardiovascular mortality [24,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality in substance‐induced psychosis: a register‐based national cohort study

et al. 2021

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Aims We aimed to analyze whether people with substance‐induced psychosis (SIP), both those who convert and do not convert to schizophrenia, have higher all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality when compared to the general population. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Nationwide Danish registers. Participants/Cases We included all people born in Denmark, living in Denmark on their 15th birthday, and age 15 or more during the study period from January 1, 1994, and August 10, 2017. Measurements Exposure was categorized as: (i) neither SIP nor schizophrenia; (ii) SIP without preceding schizophrenia; (iii) SIP converted to schizophrenia; and (iv) schizophrenia without preceding SIP. Any SIP and substance‐specific SIPS were examined regarding all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality. Findings The study included a total of 5 619 691 individuals. Compared to people with neither schizophrenia nor SIP, people with SIP without preceding schizophrenia had an increased risk of dying (hazard ratio [HR] = 6.23, 95% CI = 5.96–6.50), as had those with SIP converting to schizophrenia (HR = 9.77, 95% CI = 8.84–10.79) and those with only schizophrenia (HR = 3.07, 95% CI = 3.03–3.13). A similar pattern, albeit with higher HRs, was observed for suicides and accidental deaths. Other cause‐specific‐mortality groups also generally showed the same pattern, as did types of individual substances. Conclusions Substance‐induced psychosis was strongly associated with an increased risk of both all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality, even among cases who did not convert to schizophrenia. This provides a strong rationale for monitoring people with previous diagnosis of substance‐induced psychosis and developing and implementing interventions to reduce this excess mortality.

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All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Rates of Patients Treated for Alcohol use Disorders: A Meta-Analysis

Cited by 29 publications

References 109 publications

Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 Protects against Gastric Damage Induced by Ethanol Administration in Mice: Role of TRPV1/Substance P Axis

Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 Protects against Gastric Damage Induced by Ethanol Administration in Mice: Role of TRPV1/Substance P Axis

Mortality in the Americas from 2013 to 2015 resulting from diseases, conditions and injuries which are 100% alcohol‐attributable

Mortality in substance‐induced psychosis: a register‐based national cohort study

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