All cells are created equal in the sight of autophagy: selective autophagy maintains homeostasis in senescent cells

Kim, Jae‐Jin; Lee, Yeonghyeon; Jeon, Taerang; Kim, Mi-Sung; Kang, Chanhee

doi:10.1080/15548627.2021.1953848

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…woad extracts could target either core senescence regulatory pathways, common in replicative and DNA damage-induced senescence. Alternatively, woad extracts may target the stress support networks of senescence, including redox homeostasis and proteostasis, which were recently shown to be critical to maintaining the homeostatic states of senescence (Kang and Elledge 2016 ; Kwon et al 2017 ; Kim J, Lee, Jeon, et al 2021 ; Kim J, Lee, Roh, et al 2021 ; Lee Y, Kim, Kim, et al 2021 ). Consistently, previous studies showed that woad extracts have anti-oxidative properties (Speranza et al 2020 ); we also showed that woad extracts affect the expression of the SASP at the protein level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A focused natural compound screen reveals senolytic and senostatic effects ofIsatis tinctoria

Kim

Woo

Shin

et al. 2022

Animal Cells and Systems

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Natural products and their derivatives historically represent alternatives to conventional synthetic molecules for pharmacotherapy, ranging from cancer chemotherapeutics to cosmetic ingredients that exert anti-aging activities. Cellular senescence is considered a main driver of skin aging, yet natural products that target skin senescence in a specific manner are not thoroughly explored. Here, we performed a focused compound screen to identify natural products that exert anti-senescence effects. We found that Isatis tinctoria , woad extracts, displayed a senolytic effect on senescent human skin fibroblasts. Furthermore, treatment with woad extracts attenuated the expression of pro-inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), showing a senostatic activity. Intriguingly, woad extracts displayed only a marginal cytotoxic effect toward senescent human lung fibroblasts. Thus, our results reveal the potential activities of woad extracts for targeting skin senescence and suggest that woad extracts could be an attractive ingredient for cosmetics to prevent skin aging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A focused natural compound screen reveals senolytic and senostatic effects ofIsatis tinctoria

Kim

Woo

Shin

et al. 2022

Animal Cells and Systems

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“…Altered level of autophagy could lead to DOX-induced cardiac injury, but the underlying mechanism remains uncertain. Autophagy is a highly conserved process which can help to maintain cell homeostasis [ 6 ]. The role of autophagy in myocardium protection is contradictory, on the one hand, autophagy is a cellular quality control mechanism that help the clearance of abnormal proteins, malfunctioning organelles or pathogens [ 7 ], on the other hand, excessive autophagy may induce apoptosis and shorten the life of cardiomyocytes [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

M2b macrophages protect against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity via alternating autophagy in cardiomyocytes

Chen¹,

Huang²,

Huang³

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Objective Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antibiotic which is widely used for the treatment of various cancers, while the dose-related cardiotoxicity limits its potential therapeutic application. The underlying mechanism of DOX induced cardiotoxicity is complex and remains elusive. Our previous studies have shown that M2b macrophage plays an important role in reducing inflammation due to ischemic reperfusion injury in the myocardium. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential protective role of M2b macrophages in DOX induced cardiotoxicity. Methods In vivo, we conducted DOX induced cardiac injury in C57BL/6 mice and treated them with M2b macrophages. Then, the mice were examined by echocardiography. The heart specimens were harvested for histological examination, transmission electron microscope analysis, and autophagy molecules evaluation. In vitro, HL-1 cardiac cell lines treated with DOX were cocultured with or without M2b macrophages. Then, Autophagy related genes and protein expression were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot; cell proliferation was assessed by cell counting kit-8. Results We found that M2b macrophages can improve cardiac function and alleviate cardiac injury in DOX induced cardiac injury mice. M2b macrophages can enhance cardiac autophagy levels both in vivo and in vitro in DOX induced cardiac injury model. In addition, this protective effect can be blocked by an autophagy inhibitor. Conclusion Our study shows that M2b macrophages can help attenuate the DOX induced cardiotoxicity by regulating the autophagy level of cardiomyocytes.

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“…In this work, we sought to design a single fluorescent probe that could simultaneously label lysosomes and RNA with two colors and thus monitor both autophagy and apoptosis through the probe migration between the two targets. Obviously, such a fluorescent probe should meet three conditions: [1] the probe should target lysosomes; [2] the probe should have a high affinity to RNA; [3] the probe should have different emission colors in lysosomes and RNA. According to the literature, weakly basic compounds can be enriched in lysosomes, 35,36 and cationic salt compounds have the potential to target negatively charged RNA grooves.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Autophagy and apoptosis are extremely crucial yet different cellular processes in maintaining homeostasis in mammals and are closely related to each other. − Autophagy is a process of degradation and turnover of damaged organelles and macromolecules, which is directly executed by lysosomes . Autophagy is considered necessary for generating nutrients and energy to survive nutrient deprivation, while autophagy stops promptly when cells regain nutrients. , Different from autophagy, apoptosis is a programmed cell death, which can actively remove aging and abnormal cells from the body in time. , Particularly, the previous reports have shown that there are mutual regulations between autophagy and apoptosis, and such regulations are critical to determine cell fates .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ratiometric and Discriminative Visualization of Autophagy and Apoptosis with a Single Fluorescent Probe Based on the Aggregation/Monomer Principle

et al. 2022

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Autophagy and apoptosis play a central role in maintaining homeostasis in mammals. Therefore, discriminative visualization of the two cellular processes is an important and challenging task. However, fluorescent probes enabling ratiometric visualization of both autophagy and apoptosis with different sets of fluorescence signals have not been developed yet. In this work, we constructed a versatile single fluorescent probe (NKLR) based on the aggregation/monomer principle for the ratiometric and discriminative visualization of autophagy and apoptosis. NKLR can simultaneously perform two-color imaging of RNA (deep red channel) and lysosomes (yellow channel) in aggregation and monomer states, respectively. During autophagy, NKLR migrated from cytoplasmic RNA and nuclear RNA to lysosomes, showing enhanced yellow emission and sharply decreased deep red fluorescence. Moreover, this migration process was reversible upon the recovery of autophagy. Comparatively, during apoptosis, NKLR immigrated from lysosomes to RNA, and the yellow emission decreased and even disappeared, while the fluorescence of the deep red channel slightly increased. Overall, autophagy and apoptosis could be discriminatively visualized via the fluorescence intensity ratios of the two channels. Meanwhile, the cells in three different states (healthy, autophagic, apoptotic) could be distinguished by three point-to-point fluorescence images via the localization and emission color of NKLR. Therefore, the probe NKLR can serve as a desirable molecular tool to reveal the in-depth relation between autophagy and apoptosis and facilitate the study on the two cellular processes.

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All cells are created equal in the sight of autophagy: selective autophagy maintains homeostasis in senescent cells

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

A focused natural compound screen reveals senolytic and senostatic effects ofIsatis tinctoria

A focused natural compound screen reveals senolytic and senostatic effects ofIsatis tinctoria

M2b macrophages protect against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity via alternating autophagy in cardiomyocytes

Ratiometric and Discriminative Visualization of Autophagy and Apoptosis with a Single Fluorescent Probe Based on the Aggregation/Monomer Principle

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