All-Climate High-Voltage Commercial Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Propylene Carbonate Electrolytes

Abstract

Propylene carbonate (PC)-based electrolytes have many attractive advantages over the commercially used ethylene carbonate (EC)-based electrolytes like a wider operating temperature and higher oxidation stability. Therefore, PC-based electrolytes become the potential candidate for lithium-ion batteries with higher energy density, longer lifespan, and better low-and high-temperature performance. In spite of the superiority, PC is incompatible with the graphite anode because PC fails to passivate the graphite anode, leading to severe decomposition and gas evolution, which seriously restrict the development of the PC-based electrolytes. Nevertheless, it is recently found that the usage of diethyl carbonate (DEC) as a cosolvent will greatly improve the anodic tolerance of PC to realize the reversible lithiation/delithiation of the graphite anode in the PC-based electrolyte. It is because DEC induces anions into the solvation shell of Li + to form an anion-induced ion-solvent-coordinated (AI-ISC) structure with higher reduction stability. In this work, we fabricated 4.4 V pouch cells to assess in detail the practical viability of the PC-based electrolyte in a commercial battery system. In comparison to conventionally used EC-based cells, the pouch cells with the PC-based electrolyte exhibit more excellent high-voltage tolerance and electrochemical performance at all temperature ranges (−40 to 85 °C), demonstrating the wide application prospect of the PC-based electrolyte.

Ultrahigh capacity potassium-based dual carbon batteries with a high concentration electrolyte

“…28,29 In addition, previous reports have indicated that the combination of cyclic and linear carbonate might provide higher performance for K-DCBs. 30 Consequently, combining EC, PC, and DEC is conducive to preparing high concentration electrolytes for K-DCBs.…”

Ethylene‐Carbonate‐Free Electrolytes for Rechargeable Li‐Ion Pouch Cells at Sub‐Freezing Temperatures

“…[4] In the cryogenic range below −10 °C, most LIBs retain only a modest fraction that protects graphite from solvent co-intercalation and electrolyte decomposition. [18][19][20] However, due to the sacrificial nature of these additives, only limited cycles (<150) at low temperatures were attained.…”

“…Consequently, many attempts to design EC‐free electrolytes rely on the use of film‐forming additives such as fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) or vinylene carbonate (VC), so‐called “enablers”, to produce SEI that protects graphite from solvent co‐intercalation and electrolyte decomposition. [ 18–20 ] However, due to the sacrificial nature of these additives, only limited cycles (<150) at low temperatures were attained.…”

Delicately Tailored Ternary Phosphate Electrolyte Promotes Ultrastable Cycling of Na3V2(PO4)2F3-Based Sodium Metal Batteries

“…Phosphate electrolytes have drawn tremendous attention in recent years in view of their superior anodic stability and nonflammability features, − making them highly desirable for high-voltage batteries. Unfortunately, phosphate solvents are known to be highly corrosive toward reactive sodium metal anodes, thus largely impeding their utilization for sodium metal-based batteries. , In the past decade, intensive work has been devoted to optimizing the composition of phosphate electrolytes with the aim of building a more friendly anode/electrolyte interface. ,− Nevertheless, highly efficient sodium deposition with a high round-trip Coulombic efficiency is yet to be realized. ,,,, …”

“…25,30−32 Nevertheless, highly efficient sodium deposition with a high round-trip Coulombic efficiency is yet to be realized. 26,27,31,33,34 In this manuscript, we rationally design and propose for the first time a high-performance ternary phosphate electrolyte composed of a cost-effective sodium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide (NaTFSI) salt, nonflammable triethyl phosphate (TEP) as a dominating solvent, and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) as a functional co-solvent for Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 2 F 3 −cathode-based HV-SMBs. It is unveiled that the FEC addition into the phosphate electrolyte introduces an additional coordination with sodium ions without largely altering the original TEP−Na + intercalation, resulting in a preferential reduction on sodium metal anodes and the formation of a fluoride-rich interphase.…”