All-CMOS night vision viewer with integrated microdisplay

Goosen, Marius E.; Venter, Petrus J.; Plessis, Monuko du; Fauré, Nicolaas M.; Rensburg, Christo Janse van; Rademeyer, P.

doi:10.1117/12.2039641

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, it is necessary to develop enhancement techniques to assist the skin penetration of KET, and extensive research has been done to find both topical and transdermal KET formulations. 1,[4][5][6] To improve the delivery of KET through the skin, several techniques have been employed as follows: liposomes, 7) gels, 8,9) ointments, creams, 10) patches 11,12) incorporating various permeation enhancers, micro-needle treatment, 13) iontophoresis 14,15) and therapeutic frequency sonophoresis (1 MHz). 16,17) Recently, strategies using nanoparticles have been developed and investigated as nanomedicines.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and Antiinflammatory Effect of a Novel Gel System Containing Ketoprofen Solid Nanoparticles

Nagai

Iwamae

Tanimoto

et al. 2015

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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We previously reported that dermal application using nanoparticles improves skin penetration. In this study, we prepared novel topical formulations containing ketoprofen (KET) solid nanoparticles (KET nano gel ointment) and investigated the antiinflammatory effect of the KET nanoparticle formulations on rheumatoid arthritis using adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rats. The KET nano gel ointment was prepared using a bead mill method and additives including methylcellulose and Carbopol 934; the mean particle size of the KET nanoparticles was 83 nm. In the in vitro skin penetration experiment, the penetration rate (J c ) and penetration coefficient through the skin (K p ) values of the KET nano gel ointment were significantly higher than those of gel ointment containing KET microparticles (KET micro gel ointment; mean particle size 7.7 µm). On the other hand, in the in vivo percutaneous absorption experiment, the apparent absorption rate constant (k a ) and the areas under the KET concentration-time curve values in the skin of rats receiving the KET nano gel ointment were significantly higher than those of rats receiving the KET micro gel ointment, and the amounts of KET in the skin tissues of rats receiving the KET nano gel ointment were also significantly higher than those of rats receiving the KET micro gel ointment. In addition, the application of the KET nano gel ointment attenuated the enhancement of paw edema of the hind feet of AA rats more than the application of the KET micro gel ointment. Our findings suggest that a topical drug delivery system using nanoparticles could lead to expansion in the therapeutic use of KET.Key words nanoparticle; ketoprofen; gel ointment; drug delivery; adjuvant-induced arthritis Ketoprofen (KET) is a reversible inhibitor of cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 whose action leads to a reduction in the formation of prostaglandin precursors. 1) Thus, KET acts as an antiinflammatory agent, and is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis. However, its usefulness is limited due to its low water solubility and the fact that oral administration of KET tends to cause gastrointestinal lesions in 10-30% of patients. These gastrointestinal lesions lead to an interruption of drug therapy in about 5-15% patients. 2,3)Topical and transdermal delivery routes of drug administration reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal lesions and improve patient compliance. Furthermore, the transdermal route of application avoids hepatic first pass metabolism, meaning that therapeutic serum drug concentrations can be applied with a reduced risk of nephrotoxicity and drug-drug interactions.2) However, the transdermal route of application is limited by the barrier properties of the skin. Therefore, it is necessary to develop enhancement techniques to assist the skin penetration of KET, and extensive research has been done to find both topical and transdermal KET formulations.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and Antiinflammatory Effect of a Novel Gel System Containing Ketoprofen Solid Nanoparticles

Nagai

Iwamae

Tanimoto

et al. 2015

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…This low voltage all-silicon device can be used in nightvision viewer, Projection display and Helmet mounted display. [18], [19]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All Silicon Microdisplay Fabricated Utilizing 0.18 μm CMOS-IC With Monolithic Integration

Zhu

Huang

et al. 2022

IEEE Photonics J.

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A low voltage all silicon microdisplay is presented based on MOS-like gate-control all-Silicon light-emitting diode (LED) in standard 0.18 µm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The MOS-like LED is designed under a PN alternate structure with polysilicon gate control electrode for high luminous intensity and low operating voltage. The microdisplay device is fabricated based on the LED as pixel units. The size of the proposed microdisplay device is 6.2 mm × 5.0 mm with a about 368 mW/mm2 luminous intensity at the stable operating voltage of 1.8 V.

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All-CMOS night vision viewer with integrated microdisplay

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Pharmacokinetics and Antiinflammatory Effect of a Novel Gel System Containing Ketoprofen Solid Nanoparticles

Pharmacokinetics and Antiinflammatory Effect of a Novel Gel System Containing Ketoprofen Solid Nanoparticles

All Silicon Microdisplay Fabricated Utilizing 0.18 μm CMOS-IC With Monolithic Integration

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