All-Optical 3R Burst-Mode Reception at 40 Gb/s Using Four Integrated MZI Switches

A Frequency Domain Systems Theory Perspective for Semiconductor Optical Amplifier - Mach Zehnder Interferometer Circuitry in Routing and Signal Processing Applications

“…Using this type of switch, a set of processing operations ranging from demultiplexing (Duelk et al,1999) to regeneration ) and wavelength www.intechopen.com Advances in Optical Amplifiers 54 conversion (Nielsen et al 2003) to optical sampling (Fischer et al 2001) and optical flip-flops (Hill et al 2001, Pleros et al 2009) has been demonstrated, highlighting multi-functionality as an additional advantage of SOA-MZI devices. Within the same frame, SOA-MZI devices have proven very efficient in dealing with packet-formatted optical traffic allowing for their exploitation in several routing/processing demonstrations for optical packet or burst switched applications, performing successfully in challenging and demanding functionalities like packet envelope detection (Stampoulidis et al, 2007), packet clock recovery (Kanellos et al, 2007a), label/payload separation (Ramos et al, 2005), burst-mode reception (Kanellos et al, 2007a(Kanellos et al, , 2007b and contention resolution (Stampoulidis et al, 2007).A brief description of the most important SOA-MZI signal processing applications and their principle of operation is provided in the following paragraphs. …”

“…The decision element is used for imprinting the incoming data logical information onto the "fresh" clock signal. The clock recovery process has been demonstrated to perform with different length 40Gb/s asynchronous packets, using a low-Q FPF filter with a highly saturated SOA-MZI gate (Kanellos et al 2007a). The block diagram setup of the clock recovery subsystem is shown in Fig.…”

New Approach to Ultra-Fast All-Optical Signal Processing Based on Quantum Dot Devices

“…However, the disadvantages of optical fibers are weak nonlinearity, long interaction length, and/or high control energy required in order to achieve a reasonable switching efficiency Sun (2005). On the contrary, SOAs, and especially QD-SOAs, possess high nonlinearity, small dimensions, low energy consumption, high operation speed, and can be easily integrated into photonic and electronic systems Sun (2005), Hamié (2002), Kanellos (2007), Dong (2008). The major problems of the improving transmission optical systems emerge from the signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) degradation, chromatic dispersion, and other impairment mechanisms Zhu (2007).…”

“…The major problems of the improving transmission optical systems emerge from the signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) degradation, chromatic dispersion, and other impairment mechanisms Zhu (2007). For this reason, the optical signal reamplification, reshaping, and retiming (3R), or the so-called 3R regeneration, is necessary in order to avoid the accumulation of noise, crosstalk and nonlinear distortions and to provide a good signal quality for transmission over any path in all-optical networks Sartorius (2001), Zhu (2007), Leem (2006), Kanellos (2007). Optical regeneration technology can work with lower power, much more compact size, and can provide transparency in the needed region of spectrum Zhu (2007).…”

“…All-optical 3R regeneration should be also less complex, and use fewer optoelectronics/electronics components than electrical regeneration providing better performance Leem (2006). All-optical 3R regenerator for different length packets at 40Gb/s based on SOA-MZI has been recently demonstrated Kanellos (2007). We developed for the first time a theoretical model of an ultra-fast all-optical signal processor based on the QD SOA-MZI where XOR operation, WC, and 3R signal regeneration can be simultaneously carried out by AO-XOR logic gates for bit rate up to (100 − 200) Gb/s depending on the value of the bias current I ∼ (30 − 50) mA Ben-Ezra (2009).…”