“…In the past few years, all-optical technology has been adopted by many researchers to design logic gates, different combinational logic circuits, different sequential logic circuits, sensors, etc., using various techniques, such as Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), semiconductor-optical amplifier (SOA), quantum-dot SOA, terahertz-optical asymmetric de-multiplexers (TOAD), non-linear material (NLM), and micro-ring resonator (MRR) 1 – 7 …”