All-optical space switches with gain and principally ideal extinction ratios

Leuthold, Juerg; Besse, P.‐A.; Eckner, J.; Gamper, E.; Dulk, M.; Melchior, H.

doi:10.1109/3.663439

Cited by 64 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The on-off ratio of the switch was around 8 dB because the MZI-SOA used in this experiment had no phase shifter to adjust an off-level of its switching state. The on-off ratio can be improved to be more than 20 dB to prepare the phase shifters on the MZI-SOA's arms [5]. Although the switching time was approximately 10 ns due to the switching time restriction of the MMI-BLD, it can be reduced to less than 100 ps through optimizing the operating conditions of the saturable absorbers by the reverse voltage application.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, we demonstrated a novel approach for all-optical packet switching using an optical flip-flop and an all-optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) switch based on an MZI semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) [5,6]. In this approach, ultrafast switching and transparency of data rate and format can be achieved because of label buffering and packet switching in optical domain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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All-optical packet switching and label buffering by MMI-BLD optical flip-flop

Takenaka

Takeda

Nakano

2006

IEICE Electron. Express

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All-optical packet switching and label buffering have been demonstrated using multimode interference bistable laser diode optical flip-flops and all-optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer switches. The optical flip-flop buffered the injected optical label for the one packet duration and drove the all-optical switch through cross-phase modulation to switch the optical packet. Error-free operation for output 10-Gb/s optical packets from the switch was obtained with negligible power penalty. The presented packet switching has potential of ultrafast switching and transparency of data rate and format, and will be useful in the future optical packet switching networks.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-optical packet switching and label buffering by MMI-BLD optical flip-flop

Takenaka

Takeda

Nakano

2006

IEICE Electron. Express

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“…We then send this sequence into the wavelength converter and quantify how this distortion affects phase and power of the phase-encoded and converted output signal with respect to undistorted reference bits. The analysis is performed with a transfer matrix model for the DI [10] and MZI [11] and employs an SOA model based on experimental results similar to Ref. [10].…”

Section: Regenerative Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-optical signal processing for phase-sensitive modulation formats

et al. 2006

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Wavelength converters for phase sensitive modulation formats based on semiconductor optical amplifiers are discussed. Advantages and limits are discussed based on an actual implementation.All-optical regenerators and wavelength converters for phase-sensitive communication formats are of high interest because they potentially increase link-lengths, regenerate degraded signals in point-to-point and next generation meshed transparent networks, or simply overcome wavelength blocking in cross-connects and routers at low costCurrently, Differential Phase-Shift Keying (DPSK) -because of its lower OSNR requirement and robustness towards nonlinear impairments [1] -seems to be the most promising phase-modulation format. In view of the significance of the DPSK format for next generation systems, it would be highly desirable to have small-footprint, low power-consuming all-optical DPSK regenerators and wavelength converters. Solutions exploiting fibernonlinearities [3], [4] or FWM in SOAs have been tested [5]. Unfortunately, all of these solutions only offer a restricted wavelength conversion range and require high input powers. Recently, Sagnac [6] and Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) devices [7] exploiting the more efficient SOA-based cross-phase modulation effect have been demonstrated and their regenerative potential has been shown. Yet, none of the MZI based solutions also showed retiming regeneration, nor was the cascadability or the origin of the regenerative characteristics clarified. This is important, since DPSK is most likely to be used in systems at bit rates of 40 Gb/s and above, where retiming is an issue.In this paper, we show in experiment the feasibility and predict the limits of a retiming and reshaping SOA based MZI all-optical DPSK wavelength converter. We further discuss how these devices can be cascaded an arbitrary number of times. DPSK Wavelength Conversion Scheme and ExperimentThe experimental setup and the all-optical DPSK wavelength converter are depicted in Fig. 1. The setup comprises a push-pull DPSK transmitter, an all-optical wavelength converter and a balanced receiver with a differential encoder.The operation principle of the all-optical wavelength converter is as follows. An incoming DPSK signal is first converted into on-off keying (OOK) and inverted OOK signals in the Delay Interferometer (DI) stage. These on-off signals are then used for controlling the SOAs. They are injected with exact time correlation into the two control inputs of a MZI with SOAs [8]. The relative phase in the SOA arms is then controlled by a high level bit either in the OOK or in the inverse OOK arm, very similar to the push-pull operation of electrically controlled MZI modulators in DPSK transmitters [1]. An optical clock, derived from the input signal, is then introduced at the centre arm of the interferometer. The clock may be set to any wavelength within the SOA gain spectrum. This clock signal then picks up the phase information when travelling through the SOA arms and becomes the new phase encoded signal at th...

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“…7, where they have considered the bends influence and used a MMI filter to solve it. It is important to quantify this effect in devices where the TE 01 mode is used, such as the spatial filters proposed by Leuthold et al 2 We measure and quantify the impact of first-order mode excitation on 3-dB restricted interference MMI couplers depending on alignment conditions. Specifications of the coupler under evaluation are unbalanced ͑U͒ and common mode rejection ratio ͑CMRR͒.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental assessment of access guide first-order mode effect on multimode interference couplers

et al. 2001

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Experimental results on multimode interference (MMI) coupler performance, when the access waveguides are not single mode, are shown. The 3-dB MMI couplers based on restricted interference are fabricated in InP/ InGaAsP buried waveguides. Unbalanced measurements for different excitation conditions are shown. A drastically unbalanced decline of 30% is reported for an alignment deviation of 6 m. Less critical effects are measured when misalignment is controlled below 2 m. A beam propagation method and modal analysis are used to validate experimental results.

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All-optical space switches with gain and principally ideal extinction ratios

Cited by 64 publications

References 20 publications

All-optical packet switching and label buffering by MMI-BLD optical flip-flop

All-optical packet switching and label buffering by MMI-BLD optical flip-flop

All-optical signal processing for phase-sensitive modulation formats

Experimental assessment of access guide first-order mode effect on multimode interference couplers

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