All-optical streak camera

Heebner, John E.; Sarantos, Chris H.

doi:10.1109/cleo.2008.4551567

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The scaling of J HM for a fixed E pulse and f P with these rates arises from several underlying physical processes: (i) for a pair to be produced and a signal photon emitted into the channel, two pump photons must enter the ring from the channel, and one photon must enter the channel from the ring, giving rise to three factors of Γ/(Γ + M ), (ii) the field enhancement of each mode in the ring is proportional to (Γ + M ) −1 [10]; since four modes participate in SFWM (pump, pump, signal, idler) this yields (Γ + M ) −4 , and (iii) the input pump power is proportional to (Γ + M ), which we take as the pump bandwidth to suppress spectral entanglement; the quadratic dependence of the pair generation probability on the input power thus gives rise to an additional factor of (Γ + M ) 2 The loss rate M is a function of the quality of the fabrication process and is not easily controlled. On the other hand, the coupling rate Γ can be controlled by constructing systems with varying distances between the ring and the channel at the coupling point [11]. Considering the variation of J HM with respect to Γ for fixed M and β, we find that the HM photon flux is maximized when Γ = M .…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 96%

No free lunch: the trade-off between heralding rate and efficiency in microresonator-based heralded single photon sources

2016

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Generation of heralded single photons has recently been demonstrated using spontaneous four-wave mixing in integrated microresonators. While the results of coincidence measurements on the generated photon pairs from these systems show promise for their utility in heralding applications, such measurements do not reveal all of the effects of photon losses within the resonator. These effects, which include a significant degradation of the heralding efficiency, depend strongly on the relative strengths of the coupling of the ring modes to loss modes and channel modes. We show that the common choice of critical coupling does not optimize the rate of successfully heralded photons, and derive the coupling condition needed to do so, as well as the condition needed to maximize the rate of coincidence counts. Optimizing these rates has a considerable negative effect on the heralding efficiency.Heralded single photons are an important resource both for optical quantum information processing, and for fundamental investigations of nonlinear quantum optics at the single photon level. There is particular interest in developing monolithically integrated sources of heralded single photons, which would enable their use in an onchip optical setting. Several such implementations have recently been demonstrated using spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in integrated microresonators [1][2][3][4].In typical implementations each photon of a generated pair is emitted into one of two distinct optical modes: a heralding mode (HM) carries a herald photon, the presence of which then indicates the existence of a single photon in an output mode (OM). These modes might correspond to the signal and idler fields generated by SFWM in a microresonator [1,3,5], or to the two outputs of a degenerate photon pair splitter [2]. By discarding experimental runs in which no heralding photon is detected in the HM, the experimenter effectively post-selects on those runs in which a single photon is present in the OM. In an ideal device, detection of an HM photon would guarantee the existence of an OM photon. In practice, even assuming perfect detection efficiency, photon losses within the photon pair source lead to events in which the herald photon is detected but the OM photon is lost. After detecting the herald, the OM mode cannot therefore be represented as the desired pure state ρ OM = |1 1|, but rather ρ OM = P vac |0 0| + P 1 |1 1|, where P vac corresponds to the probability of losing the OM photon given the successful generation of a photon pair and subsequent detection of the HM photon, and P 1 = 1 − P vac . The existence of this vacuum probability degrades the utility of the heralding device: if P vac is significant the very purpose of the herald is compromised. Note that this narrative neglects the effects of spectral correlation between the signal and idler photons, which would lead to the * zachary.vernon@utoronto.ca one-photon state itself being expressed not as |1 1|, but as a mixture of states involving a photon at different frequencie...

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 96%

No free lunch: the trade-off between heralding rate and efficiency in microresonator-based heralded single photon sources

2016

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“…Hence the problem can be considered as two dimensional. In the following we sketch the solution for completeness [57]. Appendix E: Vortex position vs. external magnetic field…”

Section: Appendix A: Gyrotropic Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Cavity optomagnonics with magnetic textures: Coupling a magnetic vortex to light

et al. 2018

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Optomagnonic systems, where light couples coherently to collective excitations in magnetically ordered solids, are currently of high interest due to their potential for quantum information processing platforms at the nanoscale. Efforts so far, both at the experimental and theoretical level, have focused on systems with a homogeneous magnetic background. A unique feature in optomagnonics is however the possibility of coupling light to spin excitations on top of magnetic textures. We propose a cavity-optomagnonic system with a non homogeneous magnetic ground state, namely a vortex in a magnetic microdisk. In particular we study the coupling between optical whispering gallery modes to magnon modes localized at the vortex. We show that the optomagnonic coupling has a rich spatial structure and that it can be tuned by an externally applied magnetic field. Our results predict cooperativities at maximum photon density of the order of C ≈ 10 −2 by proper engineering of these structures.Introduction.-Optomagnonics is an exciting new field where light couples coherently to elementary excitations in magnetically ordered systems. The origin of this photon-magnon interaction is the Faraday effect, where the magnetization in the sample causes the light's polarization plane to rotate. Conversely, the light exerts a small effective magnetic field on the material's magnetic moments. Shaping the host material into an optical cavity enhances the effective coupling according to the increased number of trapped photons.Recent seminal experiments have demonstrated this coupling [1][2][3]. In these, an Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) sphere serves as the host of the magnetic excitations and, via whispering gallery modes (WGM), as the optical cavity. The optomagnonic coupling manifests itself in transmission sidebands at the magnon frequency. So far, these experiments have probed mostly the homogeneous magnetic mode (Kittel mode) where all spins rotate in phase [4]. Very recently, optomagnonic coupling to other magnetostatic modes [5,6] has been demonstrated, albeit still on top of a homogeneous background [7,8].The Kittel mode, although it is the simplest one to probe and externally tune, is a bulk mode and has a suboptimal overlap with the optical WGMs living near the surface. Another caveat is the state of the art in terms of sample size, which is currently sub-millimetric. This results in modest values for the optomagnonic coupling and motivates the quest for smaller, micron-sized magnetic samples, as well as for engineering the coupling between magnetic and optical modes. Increasing the currently observed values of optomagnonic coupling is an urgent prerequisite for moving on to promising applications such as magnon cooling, coherent state transfer, or efficient wavelength converters [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].In microscale magnetic samples, the competition between the short-range exchange interaction and the boundary-sensitive demagnetization fields can lead to magnetic textures, where the magnetic gr...

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“…This approximation is justified provided the spatial extent of the interaction in which we have introduced the ring-channel coupling coefficients γ J . These constants can be related to the usual self-and cross-coupling coefficients [25] used to characterize microring resonators [26].…”

Section: Model Hamiltonianmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For simplicity we also take the loss-channel propagation speeds to equal those in the physical channel, u J = v J for each J, though our results (59, 63) do not depend on this assumption; they depend only on the full quantities Γ J and M J (24,25).…”

Section: Perturbative Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous four-wave mixing in lossy microring resonators

Vernon

Sipe

2015

Phys. Rev. A

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We develop a general Hamiltonian treatment of spontaneous four-wave mixing in a microring resonator side-coupled to a channel waveguide. The effect of scattering losses in the ring is included, as well as parasitic nonlinear effects including self-and cross-phase modulation. A procedure for computing the output of such a system for arbitrary parameters and pump states is presented. For the limit of weak pumping an expression for the joint spectral intensity of generated photon pairs, as well as the singles-to-coincidences ratio, is derived.

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All-optical streak camera

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

No free lunch: the trade-off between heralding rate and efficiency in microresonator-based heralded single photon sources

No free lunch: the trade-off between heralding rate and efficiency in microresonator-based heralded single photon sources

Cavity optomagnonics with magnetic textures: Coupling a magnetic vortex to light

Spontaneous four-wave mixing in lossy microring resonators

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