All’s well that ends (and peaks) well? A meta-analysis of the peak-end rule and duration neglect

Alaybek, Balca; Dalal, Reeshad S.; Jia, Zihao; Aitken, John; Zhou, You; Qu, Xiao; Roman, Alexis; Baines, Julia I.

doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2022.104149

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Our results are not consistent with the strong support for the peak-end rule in humans 1 . That said, some previous research in humans has also found that peak-end effects are sometimes poor predictors of past affective experiences.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

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Calves peak-end memory of pain

Ede

Woodroffe

Keyserlingk

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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In humans, the ‘peak-end’ rule states that recollection of an experience is most often influenced by the peak (the most intense moment) and end of the experience. We investigated whether calves followed the peak-end rule in their memory of a painful procedure: disbudding. As proxies for retrospective and ‘real-time’ reports of pain, we used conditioned place aversion, and reflex pain behaviours. In two separate trials, calves were subjected to two disbudding conditioning sessions (one horn per treatment), acting as their own control. In the first trial, calves (n = 22) were disbudded and remained in a pen for 4 h, and disbudded and left in another pen for 4 h with an additional 2 h following an analgesic treatment. In the second trial, calves (n = 22) were disbudded and left in pens for 6 h during both treatments, receiving the analgesic at either 2 h or 4 h after disbudding. Calves were then tested for place aversion. For both trials we did not observe a preference for the pens where calves received analgesic treatment towards the end of the session. We did not find an association between aversion and the sum, peak or end of pain behaviours. Results are not consistent with a peak-end effect in calves’ memory of pain.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Substantive research supports a ‘peak-end’ rule, noting that the peak (i.e. the most intense moment) and end of affective episodes are most influential in people’s recollection of the event 1 , 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calves peak-end memory of pain

Ede

Woodroffe

Keyserlingk

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Finally, our findings contradict recent meta-analytical findings by Alaybek et al (2022), which claim that the effect of duration on choice and evaluation is nil. We believe the meta-analytical findings give a false impression that duration neglect is a widespread phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…This insensitivity to duration has produced the term duration neglect (Fredrickson & Kahneman, 1993), and studies have shown that some people prefer a longer painful medical procedure over a shorter alternative, if the longer procedure ends on a better note (Fredrickson, 2000; Kahneman, 2000; Kahneman et al, 1993; Redelmeier & Kahneman, 1996). Underscoring this, the meta-analysis by Alaybek et al (2022) on the peak–end rule and duration neglect finds a strong effect of the peak–end rule, r = .581, 95% CI [.487, .661], while the effect of duration on choice and evaluation is nil, r = −. 002, 95% CI [ −.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity to the duration of negative experiences in retrospective evaluations and decisions.

Orquin¹

2023

Decision

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Many decisions rely on our memories of past experiences. We are, for instance, more likely to return to a store or website, if we had a positive past experience there, while a negative experience makes us less likely to return. However, psychological research shows that the duration of an experience, such as the time spent queuing in a store or waiting for a website to download, is neglected in subsequent decisions or retrospective evaluations of that store or website. On the other hand, marketing research suggests that the duration of queuing and website downloads have a negative effect on consumer choices and evaluations. To explore this paradox, we manipulate the duration of a negative picture-viewing experience lasting between 1 and 10 min. We find that participants require more money for repeating longer experiences, which they also evaluate as worse, and that this sensitivity to duration does not change over a two-week period. In contrast to the prevailing psychological literature, we show that, in this study, participants neither neglect nor forget the duration of a negative experience.

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“…2 Similarly, human communication research often uses self-report measures of constructs such as advice utilization intention (e.g., Van Swol et al, 2019). Interdisciplinary reviews of advice utilization would therefore be aided by empirical research, conducted across a series of judgments/choices, on the extent of convergence of regression- and formula-based approaches with retrospective self-report summary judgments—and, importantly, the situational and dispositional factors (including temporal heuristics such as the peak-end rule; Alaybek et al, in press) that influence this convergence.…”

Section: Operationalizing Advice Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operationalizing advice utilization for productive research and application: Commentary on Kämmer et al. (2023).

Dalal¹,

Baines²

2023

Decision

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Answers to substantive questions about advice utilization may depend on how advice utilization is operationalized. In this article, we briefly review common advice utilization operationalizations from existing research. We then advocate for the use, when possible, of regression-based and in particular polynomial-regression-based operationalizations, rather than formula-based operationalizations. We moreover advocate for the study of alternative forms of advice that, though seemingly common in the "real world," have received hardly any research attention. Similarly, we advocate for the study of additional (beyond changes in judgments or choices) decision-maker cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses to advice. We end by discussing how advice utilization can be operationalized for these alternative forms of advice and additional decision-maker responses to advice.

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All’s well that ends (and peaks) well? A meta-analysis of the peak-end rule and duration neglect

Cited by 24 publications

References 73 publications

Calves peak-end memory of pain

Calves peak-end memory of pain

Sensitivity to the duration of negative experiences in retrospective evaluations and decisions.

Operationalizing advice utilization for productive research and application: Commentary on Kämmer et al. (2023).

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