All-silicon interferometer with multimode waveguides for temperature-insensitive filters and compact biosensors

Guan, Xiaowei; Frandsen, Lars Hagedorn

doi:10.1364/oe.27.000753

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Such a detection is highly sensitive, fast and reproducible. Different optical techniques, such as phase modulation [140] and multimode propagation [141] may be performed on MZI so as to improve the detection. MZI-based biosensors can be constructed using nano-optical waveguides [142], making use of the evanescent field detection principle, and are able to be integrated with a microfluidic polymer network to form a cost-effective lab-on-a-chip platform [143].…”

Section: Quantum Detection Limits In Biosensing and Metrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum nanophotonic and nanoplasmonic sensing: towards quantum optical bioscience laboratories on chip

Xavier

Jones

et al. 2021

Nanophotonics

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Quantum-enhanced sensing and metrology pave the way for promising routes to fulfil the present day fundamental and technological demands for integrated chips which surpass the classical functional and measurement limits. The most precise measurements of optical properties such as phase or intensity require quantum optical measurement schemes. These non-classical measurements exploit phenomena such as entanglement and squeezing of optical probe states. They are also subject to lower detection limits as compared to classical photodetection schemes. Biosensing with non-classical light sources of entangled photons or squeezed light holds the key for realizing quantum optical bioscience laboratories which could be integrated on chip. Single-molecule sensing with such non-classical sources of light would be a forerunner to attaining the smallest uncertainty and the highest information per photon number. This demands an integrated non-classical sensing approach which would combine the subtle non-deterministic measurement techniques of quantum optics with the device-level integration capabilities attained through nanophotonics as well as nanoplasmonics. In this back drop, we review the underlining principles in quantum sensing, the quantum optical probes and protocols as well as state-of-the-art building blocks in quantum optical sensing. We further explore the recent developments in quantum photonic/plasmonic sensing and imaging together with the potential of combining them with burgeoning field of coupled cavity integrated optoplasmonic biosensing platforms.

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Section: Quantum Detection Limits In Biosensing and Metrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum nanophotonic and nanoplasmonic sensing: towards quantum optical bioscience laboratories on chip

Xavier

Jones

et al. 2021

Nanophotonics

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“…The extracted slope of −0.521 rad/K is similar to the simulated slope and deviation is likely due to the central wavelength appearing closer to 1490 nm for the reasons discussed prior. This temperature-sensitivity is slightly higher than the −20 to 10 pm/K demonstrated in [16], but this was not a target in this work and future devices will be redesigned to achieve athermal operation.…”

Section: Thermal Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 84%

“…With two co-propagating modes in a two-mode waveguide, careful placement of the p-n junction near the centre of a length of waveguide can introduce a change in relative phase difference of these modes through interaction of the depletion width under reverse bias since the TE 0 mode has strong interaction in the waveguide centre while the TE 1 mode does not. While a passive single-arm MZI operating with TE 0 and TE 1 co-propagating modes has been demonstrated on an SOI platform [16], a modulator architecture integrated into such has not.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A silicon-on-insulator single-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer (SAMZI) modulator

Hagan

Tarlin

Knights

2020

J. Opt.

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We demonstrate a single-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer (SAMZI) modulator based on asymmetric long-period gratings for TE0-TE1 mode conversion integrated with a p-n junction doped waveguide for relative phase modulation between these modes via the electro-optic effect. The device consists of two long-period grating sections, with the active waveguide modulator section in-between, and inverse tapers at the input (to couple in only the TE0 mode), and the output (to filter out the excited TE1 mode). The periodicity dictates a central mode conversion wavelength and thus the region of operation for the modulator. Simulations are performed to investigate passive device properties, such as central wavelength sensitivity, free spectral range, and coupling coefficient, as well as active performance of the modulator. A fabricated device was characterized with a central wavelength of 1490 nm, a free spectral range of 0.975 nm, and a thermal stability of −0.521 rad/K or 42.4 pm/K. By balancing the lengths of each section, the device can be made athermal. Steady-state characterization shows a maximum on-off extinction ratio of 3.96 dB for a voltage difference of −8 V. The total phase-shift of the measured device agrees with simulation, with a phase-shift of 0.34π at −8 V. The VL of the measured device is 2.96 V·cm at −1 V and 6.37 V·cm at −8 V.

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“…In the measurement of the single-mode fiber-based optical transmittance of the fabricated devices, the temperature of the device was controlled to 25 degrees Celsius. It has been well known that, compared with the case for silicon dioxide, the refractive index change for single-crystalline silicon is much more sensitive to external temperature variation by a factor of 10 [65][66][67][68]. Since silicon has a relatively large thermo-optic coefficient of 1.8 × 10 −4 [1/K] [65], the filter spectral peak for various kinds of optical DeMUXs tends to shift to the longer wavelength side by up to 0.07 [nm/K] as the temperature increases.…”

Section: -Nm-spaced 4λ Cwdm Optical Demuxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon-Nanowire-Based 100-GHz-Spaced 16λ DWDM, 800-GHz-Spaced 8λ LR-8, and 20-nm-Spaced 4λ CWDM Optical Demultiplexers for High-Density Interconnects in Datacenters

Jeong

2024

Photonics

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Several types of silicon-nanowire-based optical demultiplexers (DeMUXs) for use in short-reach targeted datacenter applications were proposed and their spectral responses were experimentally verified. First, a novel 100-GHz-spaced 16λ polarization-diversified optical DeMUX consisting of 2λ delayed interferometer (DI) type interleaver and 8λ arrayed waveguide gratings will be discussed in the spectral regimes of C-band, together with experimental characterizations showing static and dynamic spectral properties. Second, a novel 800-GHz-spaced 8λ optical DeMUX was targeted for use in LR (long reach) 400 Gbps Ethernet applications. Based on multiple cascade-connected DIs, by integrating the extra band elimination cutting area, discontinuous filtering response was analytically identified with a flat-topped spectral window and a low spectral noise of <−20 dB within an entire LR-8 operating wavelength range. Finally, a 20-nm-spaced 4λ coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM)-targeted optical DeMUX based on polarization diversity was experimentally verified. The measurement results showed a low excessive loss of 1.0 dB and a polarization-dependent loss of 1.0 dB, prominently reducing spectral noises from neighboring channels by less than −15 dB. Moreover, TM-mode elimination filters were theoretically analyzed and experimentally confirmed to minimize unwanted TM-mode-oriented polarization noises that were generated from the polarization-handling device. The TM-mode elimination filters functioned to reduce polarization noises to much lower than −20 dB across the entire CWDM operating window.

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All-silicon interferometer with multimode waveguides for temperature-insensitive filters and compact biosensors

Cited by 16 publications

References 38 publications

Quantum nanophotonic and nanoplasmonic sensing: towards quantum optical bioscience laboratories on chip

Quantum nanophotonic and nanoplasmonic sensing: towards quantum optical bioscience laboratories on chip

A silicon-on-insulator single-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer (SAMZI) modulator

Silicon-Nanowire-Based 100-GHz-Spaced 16λ DWDM, 800-GHz-Spaced 8λ LR-8, and 20-nm-Spaced 4λ CWDM Optical Demultiplexers for High-Density Interconnects in Datacenters

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