All solid-state electrochromic device consisting of a water soluble viologen dissolved in gelatin-based ionogel

Benedetti, Tânia M.; Carvalho, Tânia; Iwakura, Daniel Campos; Braga, Filipe; Vieira, Bruna R.; Vidinha, Pedro; Gruber, Jonas; Torresi, Roberto M.

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2014.08.037

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…[8] For instance, the use of ionogels in DSSCs avoids leakage problems, which occurwhen ILs are used alone. [11] Literature on gels formed by ILs has been recently reviewed by Marr et al [12] However,f ew examples have been reported so far regarding the gelationo fo rganic saltso rI Ls in IL solution. [10] Nowadays, this term comprises aw ide variety of materials, including polymeric gels, hydride materials containing inorganic species, and recently supramolecular gels too.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Formation and Structures of Molecular Gels by Diimidazolium Salt Gelators in Ionic Liquids or “Normal” Solvents

Rizzo

D’Anna

Noto

et al. 2016

Chemistry A European J

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Insights are provided into the properties of molecular gels formed by diimidazolium salts both in "normal" solvents and ionic liquids. These materials can be interesting for applications in green and sustainable chemistry in which ionic liquids play a significant role, like catalysis and energy. In particular, two positional isomers of a diimidazolium cation have been examined with a wide range of anions for their ability to form gel phases. In particular, di-, tri-, and tetravalent anions bearing aliphatic or aromatic spacers were paired with the divalent cations. The properties of the organo- and ionogels formed have been analyzed by means of several different techniques, including calorimetry, rheology, resonance light scattering, UV/Vis absorption, polarizing optical microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction measurements. The investigations performed enabled us to obtain a wide range of conductive materials characterized by a high thermal stability and a low corrosiveness of the gelator (organogels) or of both gelator and solvent (ionogels). The information gained should be useful in the broader quest to identify and promote their applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the Formation and Structures of Molecular Gels by Diimidazolium Salt Gelators in Ionic Liquids or “Normal” Solvents

Rizzo

D’Anna

Noto

et al. 2016

Chemistry A European J

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“…Gelatin is an amphoteric polyelectrolyte composed of three types of chains in a triple helix 126. As one of the significant candidates for gel electrolyte, gelatin shows its advantages including environmental friendless, high salt conductivity, and so on 127–129. The presence of abundant hydrophilic groups (amidogens, hydrogens, and carbonyls) is feasible to improve the ionic conductivity.…”

Section: Recent Progress Of Polymer Electrolytes For Zibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Polymer Electrolytes for Zinc Ion Batteries: Mechanisms, Properties, and Perspectives

Huang

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

378

240

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Aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) have been deemed to be possible candidates for large‐scale energy storage due to their ecoefficiency, substantial reserve, safety, and low cost. However, the challenges inherent in aqueous electrolytes, such as water splitting reactions, water evaporation, and liquid leakage, have greatly hindered their development in energy storage. Fortunately, polymer electrolytes would be able to overcome the abovementioned challenges. Moreover, the flexible properties of polymer electrolytes can facilitate their future application in wearable electronics. Recently, increasing attention has been attracted to the polymer electrolyte‐based zinc ion batteries. However, the development of polymer electrolytes for ZIBs is still in the early stages due to numerous challenges. Therefore, substantial research effort is required to overcome the challenges of polymer electrolyte‐based ZIBs. In this review, the current progress in developing polymer electrolytes, including solid polymer electrolytes, gel polymer electrolytes, and hybrid polymer electrolytes, as well as the interactions between electrodes and polymer electrolytes for ZIBs is comprehensively reviewed, analyzed, and discussed in terms of their synthesis, characterization, and performance validation. To facilitate further research and development of polymer electrolytes for ZIBs, the relevant challenges are summarized and analyzed, and some underlying approaches to overcome these challenges are also proposed.

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“…6a shows optical transmittance kinetic curves during alternate dark and bleach states. 31 Coloration and bleaching times, dened as the time required for the EC lm to reach 90% transmittance change, were calculated to be 7 s and 5 s, respectively (Fig. 6b.…”

Section: Electrochromic (Ec) Switching Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ESR/UV-Vis-NIR spectroelectrochemical study and electrochromic contrast enhancement of a polythiophene derivative bearing a pendant viologen

et al. 2015

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The importance of viologens in the field of electrochromic materials is well recognized due to their intensely colored radical cation formation. In this study, 1-[6-[(4-methyl-3-thienyl)oxy]hexyl]-4,4 0bipyridium hexafluorophosphate (Th-V) was synthesized and electropolymerized in a solvent mixture comprising water and acetonitrile (v/v; 50 : 50) with 0.1 M lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ) as an electrolyte salt, yielding a viologen bearing polythiophene (PTh-V) film on an electrode surface. The resulting polymer shows electrochemical activity from both the redox active viologen and the conjugated polythiophene moieties. The redox behavior of the polymer was studied by multi in situ spectroelectrochemical technique by means of simultaneous recording of electron spin resonance and UV-Vis-near infrared (ESR/UV-Vis-NIR) spectra. The results indicate that only polaron charge carriers are created during both n-and p-doping of the PTh-V film. The polymer film shows enhanced electrochromic contrast due to the introduction of a pendant viologen group into the thiophene unit.The film switched reversibly between dark violet (at À0.6 V) and almost transparent (at 1.0 V) showing good optical contrast with a coloration efficiency of ca. 305 cm 2 C À1 at 610 nm. The switching transmittance kinetics demonstrate fast response times to attain a bleached state and excellent operational stability with repeatable voltage switching between colored/bleached states for 1000 cycles.The polythiophene backbone was found to strengthen the thermal stability of the conjugated PTh-V redox polymer. The excellent optical contrast with sharp color changes and high color efficiency combined with adequate thermal behavior suggests the potential of PTh-V in the electrochromic device (ECD) application.Scheme 1 The chemical structure of monomer Th-V.This journal is

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All solid-state electrochromic device consisting of a water soluble viologen dissolved in gelatin-based ionogel

Cited by 34 publications

References 37 publications

Insights into the Formation and Structures of Molecular Gels by Diimidazolium Salt Gelators in Ionic Liquids or “Normal” Solvents

Insights into the Formation and Structures of Molecular Gels by Diimidazolium Salt Gelators in Ionic Liquids or “Normal” Solvents

Recent Advances in Polymer Electrolytes for Zinc Ion Batteries: Mechanisms, Properties, and Perspectives

ESR/UV-Vis-NIR spectroelectrochemical study and electrochromic contrast enhancement of a polythiophene derivative bearing a pendant viologen

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