All-Terrain Vehicles (ATVs) on the Road: A Serious Traffic Safety and Public Health Concern

Denning, Gerene M.; Jennissen, Charles A.; Harland, Karisa K.; Ellis, David; Buresh, Christopher

doi:10.1080/15389588.2012.675110

Cited by 53 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Similar to previous results [8,9,11,26], rollovers were the most common crash mechanism. In these studies, we found that backward rollovers were 2.5 times more likely to involve a vehicle with passengers, as compared to those in rollovers in other directions.…”

Section: Rolloverssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…As in previous studies [8][9][10]25], passengers were more commonly females and youth, and helmet use was significantly lower for passengers and for drivers with passengers, as compared to drivers riding alone.…”

Section: Demographicssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…In previous studies, passengers represented approximately 15% of crash victims [8,9,18,19], and 9% of all U.S. ATV-related hospitalizations [20]. We hypothesized that this proportion did not fully reveal the problem of passengers on ATVs, as it failed to take into account injured operators who may have been at increased risk of a crash due to the presence of additional riders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional education and public awareness programs regarding the dangers of carrying passengers are critically needed. These programs should include targeting the highest risk groups, females and youth, who consistently account for the majority of passenger deaths and injuries [8,9,25]. Youth programming should also include a parent component and programs should be assessed for effectiveness and reach [17,32,33].…”

Section: Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, non-fatal ATV-related injuries far surpass death totals; for example, over 400,000 injuries are estimated to have occurred in the U.S. in 2008 [2]. A number of risk factors for ATV-related injury have been identified including younger age, being male, driving on roads, lack of helmet use, operating under the influence of drugs or alcohol, age-inappropriate vehicle size, and carrying passengers [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Passengers on All-Terrain Vehicle Crash Mechanisms and Injuries

Jennissen

Harland

Wetjen

et al. 2016

Safety

Self Cite

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Traditional all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) are designed for single riders. Although carrying passengers is a known risk factor for injury, how passengers contribute to ATV crashes remains poorly understood. To address this question, we performed a retrospective chart review of ATV crash victims at a U.S. trauma center (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013). Of 537 cases, 20% were passengers or drivers with passengers. The odds of backward rollovers, falls/ejections, crashes on sloped terrain, and collisions with motorized vehicles were all significantly greater when passengers were present. In contrast, the odds of self-ejection or falls/ejections over the handlebars were significantly lower than falls/ejections to the side or rear, in crashes with multiple riders. Among all ejections, self-ejections had the lowest head and highest extremity injury scores and being ejected over the handlebars or to the rear resulted in worse head injury scores than being ejected to the side. In summary, our study found that passengers increased the odds of specific crash and injury mechanisms and that head and extremity injury severity varied by ejection type. Safety interventions including seat design changes that prevent carrying passengers, and a strict, well-enforced no-rider rule are needed to effectively prevent passenger-related deaths and injuries.

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Section: Rolloverssupporting

confidence: 79%