All the lonely people: Comparing the effects of loneliness as a social stressor to non-lonely stress on blood pressure recovery

Zawadzki, Matthew J.; Gavrilova, Larisa

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.06.016

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…We highlight this finding because if future research examines the relation between temporal dynamics of loneliness and indicators of health and well-being beyond average state loneliness and trait loneliness, stress might be an interesting outcome for another replication attempt, but anxiety and depression may not. That variability in state loneliness may be associated with higher stress levels is particularly interesting because loneliness is referred to as a social stressor (Zawadzki & Gavrilova, 2021). Strong variability in loneliness, as well as higher inertia in loneliness, might be indicators of more social stress in everyday life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lonely Today, Lonely Tomorrow: Temporal Dynamics of Loneliness in Everyday Life and its Associations With Psychopathological Symptoms

Buecker

Horstmann

Luhmann

2023

Social Psychological and Personality Science

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Although theory emphasizes that loneliness fluctuates in everyday life, most previous studies focused on the general and stable tendency of feeling lonely. In the present study, we used daily diary data collected over two 4-week periods ( N1 = 3,309; N2 = 907) to examine different indicators of temporal dynamics of loneliness in everyday life and compare them with temporal dynamics of positive and negative affect. Moreover, we examined associations between temporal dynamics of loneliness and psychopathological symptoms (i.e., stress, anxiety, depression). We found large similarities in the variability, instability, and inertia of loneliness and affect. Moreover, all indicators of temporal dynamics of loneliness were related to psychopathological symptoms. However, these indicators had little added value above the average state and trait level of loneliness in predicting psychopathology. We discuss the potential of assessing the short-term dynamics of loneliness for the early detection of mental health issues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lonely Today, Lonely Tomorrow: Temporal Dynamics of Loneliness in Everyday Life and its Associations With Psychopathological Symptoms

Buecker

Horstmann

Luhmann

2023

Social Psychological and Personality Science

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“…Finally, loneliness, often described as a socially based stressor (Zawadzki & Gavrilova, 2021), is defined as an unpleasant subjective feeling derived from a deficit in or a gap between the actual and expected number or quality of social interactions and relations (Courtin & Knapp, 2017). Loneliness may be more dynamic than the other microlevel stressors here and may also be classified as a nonevent stressor, a nonevent being an "event that is desired or anticipated and does not occur … [or] when its occurrence is normative for people of a certain group" (Gersten et al, [1974], p. 169).…”

Section: The Study Model: a Two-way Classification Of Micro-and Mesol...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequality in psychological distress among young adults: An integrative model of economic, social, and environmental determinants.

Achdut¹

2023

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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Differences in economic, social, and environmental circumstances lead to systematic and unfair health inequalities. Yet, this inequality is modifiable. Drawing on the social determinants approach to health this study explored: (a) the association between economic, social-relational, and environmental stressors with psychological distress (PD) among a representative sample of young adults in Israel (N = 2,407); (b) the collective impact of these multiple stressors on PD and the extent to which the co-occurrence of stressors demonstrated a stepped relationship with PD. Social determinants included subjective poverty, perceived income adequacy, material deprivation indices, social trust, trust in institutions, perceived discrimination, loneliness, and indicators for the quality of the neighborhood environment. Bivariate analysis was used to assess associations between economic, social-relational, and environmental stressors with PD. Hierarchical linear regressions, estimated to predict PD, showed that the social determinants shaped PD in young adulthood, with each stressor domain making a distinct contribution to explaining PD. Subjective poverty, material deprivation, and loneliness were particularly detrimental. Social determinants were additive, constituting cumulative stressors that convey increased risk for young adults' mental well-being. The findings suggest that health inequality can be reduced by directly addressing its social determinants. Although important, improved access to social and mental health services alone is unlikely to relieve the burden of PD and its adverse consequences both for individual suffering and at the national level. Broader and combined policy measures are required to combat poverty and deprivation, discrimination, lack of trust, and loneliness. Public Policy Relevance StatementPsychological distress in young adulthood is shaped by economic, social-relational, and neighborhood environment stressors. The co-occurrence of stressors is extremely harmful for young adults, resulting in progressively declining well-being. Disparities in psychological distress can be greatly reduced by addressing its social determinants. Combined policy measures should be taken, giving priority to those aimed at combating poverty and material deprivation along with programs and intervention to alleviate loneliness. The eradication of discrimination against any background and enhancement of both social trust and trust in institutions are important steps for narrowing health inequalities and promoting social justice. Finally, decreasing environmental stressors in terms of noise level and air pollution will also help. These require action beyond the health sector and should involve the education, labor, environment, housing, and welfare sectors. To address the health divide, policy makers must adopt the broader perspective of considering individuals' position within multiple levels of the social context in which they are embedded. Y oung people transitioning to adulthood are a high-risk group for adverse men...

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“…The network analysis presented by Wong et al suggests loneliness is a pivotal factor linking stable personality vulnerabilities to aggression, mental and physical health symptoms. Loneliness can be viewed as a social stressor which triggers physiological responses which are deleterious for health [ 15 ]. While loneliness links the schizotypal web to mental and physical health symptoms, social mistrust provided the link to aggressive tendencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intensity of people’s responses to an event are likely driven by personality traits; therefore people are able to anticipate how they will respond immediately to an event, but not how preoccupied they will be by the event, nor how much day-to-day concerns will evolve at the same time to occupy their emotions and thoughts. The networks varied with higher levels of schizotypal traits and social mistrust such that links between these and loneliness were amplified; suggesting that loneliness acts as a social stressor to link schizotypal traits and social mistrust to mental and physical health symptoms [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussant Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invited discussant comments during the UCL–Penn Global COVID Study webinar ‘How Do We Trust (Again): Paranoia and Mental Health’: part 1 of 2

Barkus

2022

UCL Open Environ

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The article provides commentary on Wong et al.’s investigation of the relationship between schizotypal traits, social mistrust and aggression, mental and physical health outcomes across three waves of data collection commencing in April 2020. The researchers aimed to consider the nature of the relationship between these variables and the stability of these relationships as coronavirus (Covid-19) restrictions fluctuated over time. Their results suggested that loneliness reflects a hub which links the trait variables of schizotypal and social mistrust to aggression and mental and physical health symptoms. Their network did not vary by demographic factors nor wave of data collection, suggesting that stable individual differences were driving results. Their results propose that interventions which increase social connection could provide positive health benefits as well as decreasing aggression (via reductions in social mistrust). Their data contributes to understanding about how schizotypal traits link to outcomes under conditions of social stress.

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All the lonely people: Comparing the effects of loneliness as a social stressor to non-lonely stress on blood pressure recovery

Cited by 11 publications

References 65 publications

Lonely Today, Lonely Tomorrow: Temporal Dynamics of Loneliness in Everyday Life and its Associations With Psychopathological Symptoms

Lonely Today, Lonely Tomorrow: Temporal Dynamics of Loneliness in Everyday Life and its Associations With Psychopathological Symptoms

Inequality in psychological distress among young adults: An integrative model of economic, social, and environmental determinants.

Invited discussant comments during the UCL–Penn Global COVID Study webinar ‘How Do We Trust (Again): Paranoia and Mental Health’: part 1 of 2

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