P rostanoids are biologically active derivatives of arachidonic acid that is released from membrane phospholipids and then converted through cyclooxygenase metabolism. These lipid mediators play an important role in blood pressure (BP) homeostasis. Both traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cyclooxygenase-2 selective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs can elevate BP in patients. 1 Vasodilator prostanoids, such as prostaglandin (PG) I 2 and PGE 2 , are essential for regulating renal blood flow and mediating salt/ water reabsorption in the kidney.2,3 Deletion of the PGI 2 receptor or the PGE 2 receptor subtype 2 (EP2) results in saltsensitive hypertension. 4,5 However, inactivation of the PGE 2 receptor subtypes 1 and 3 (EP1 and EP3, respectively) reduces chronic angiotensin-II-driven hypertension and attenuates the angiotensin-II pressor response by reducing arterial contractility. 6,7 The levels of PGF 2α , a vasoconstrictor, are augmented © 2015 American Heart Association, Inc. Objective-To investigate whether rs12731181 (A→G) interrupted miR-590-3p-mediated suppression of the prostaglandin F 2α receptor (FP) and whether it is associated with essential hypertension in the Chinese population. Approach and Results-We found that miR-590-3p regulates human FP gene expression by binding to its 3′-untranslated region. rs12731181 (A→G) altered the binding affinity between miR-590-3p and its FP 3′-untranslated region target, thus reducing the suppression of FP expression, which, in turn, enhanced FP receptor-mediated contractility of vascular smooth muscle cells. Overexpression of FP augmented vascular tone and elevated blood pressure in mice. An association study was performed to analyze the relationship between the FP gene and essential hypertension in the Han Chinese population. The results indicated that the rs12731181 G allele was associated with susceptibility to essential hypertension. Carriers of the AG genotype exhibited significantly higher blood pressure than those of the AA genotype. FP gene expression was significantly higher in human peripheral leukocytes from individuals with the AG genotype than that in leukocytes from individuals with the AA genotype. Conclusions-rs12731181 in the seed region of the miR-590-3p target site is associated with increased risk of essential hypertension and represents a new paradigm for FP involvement in blood pressure regulation. in circulation under the conditions that increase cardiovascular risks, for example, after chronic high-salt intake, smoking, and hypercholesterolemia. 8 The PGF 2α receptor (FP) is highly expressed in distal convoluted tubules and cortical collecting ducts in the kidney and mediates water absorption.9 FP is also present in resistance arterioles that are involved in regulating the vasopressor response.8 Thus, ablation of FP induces hypotension and retards atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-knockout mice.
10MicroRNAs (miRNAs), ≈22 single-stranded nucleotide RNA molecules, play an important gene-regulatory function mo...