Allelopathic Behaviour of Cyperus Rotundus L. On Both CHORCHORUS OLITORIUS (BROAD LEAVED WEED) AND ECHINOCHLOA CRUS-GALLI (GRASSY WEED) ASSOCIATED WITH SOYBEAN

Abstract

Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) foliage and tubers were tested for allelopathic potential against the following weeds; jute Chorchorus olitorius (broad leaved weed), and barnyard grass Echinochloa crus-galli (grassy weed) associated with soybean. In the greenhouse, during 2008 and 2009, foliage and tubers of C. rotundus were mixed with soil surface at 20, 40, 60 and 80 g/kg. C. rotundus negatively affected those of jute and barnyard grass particularly at 80 g. Jute was more susceptible to allelopathy by C. rotundus than barnyard grass. Inhibition in weed dry matter was higher with tuber than foliage residues. Tuber residues reduced the dry weight of jute and barnyard grass by 85.96% of the control and by 58.28% with 80 g, respectively. On the other hand, soybean growth and yield showed a high significant increase compared with unweeded pots. A high-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that C. rotundus foliage contained the following phenolic acids: caffeic, ferulic, coumaric, benzoic, vanelic, chlorogenic and cinnamic.Tubers contained hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, ferulic, vanelic and chlorogenic.

<b>Phytotoxic effects of aqueous leaf extracts of four Myrtaceae species on three weeds

“…The Brazilian flora, published by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), indicates that this is one of the most representative families of the Cerrado (Brazilian savannah). Although such genera as Eucalyptus, the most studied in this family, have been widely reported to show allelopathic effects (FANG et al, 2009), there have been few studies concerning the phytotoxic potential of Myrtaceae from the Cerrado. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine whether aqueous leaf extracts of four species of Myrtaceae from the Cerrado inhibit the growth of weeds and may be used to replace commercial herbicides.…”

Senyawa Fenol dari Tajuk dan Umbi Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) pada Berbagai Umur Pertumbuhan serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Perkecambahan Gulma Berdaun Lebar

“…Fenol berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bioherbisida karena memiliki mekanisme penghambatan yang beragam baik secara morfologis maupun fisiologis (Zhao et al, 2010). Penelitian sebelumnya telah menunjukkan bahwa fenol berperan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma, di antaranya pada Chorchorus olitorius (El-Rokiek et al, 2010), Echinochloa crus-galli L. (El-Rokiek et al, 2010, Esmaeili et al, 2012, Eleusine coracana Gaertn. (Kavitha et al, 2012), Chromolaena odorata, Gomphrena decumbens, dan Synedrella nodiflora (Ameena et al, 2013), Asystasia gangetica dan Borreria alata (Delsi, 2012).…”

“…Perbedaan tersebut berpengaruh terhadap potensi hambatan dari alelokimia teki terhadap perkecambahan gulma, terutama gulma daun lebar. El-Rokiek et al (2010) menyatakan bahwa gulma daun lebar lebih rentan terhadap alelokimia teki dibandingkan gulma rumput.…”

Identifikasi Senyawa Fenol Beberapa Aksesi Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Perkecambahan Biji Borreria alata (Aubl.) DC.

“…Alelopati teki tidak hanya menekan pertumbuhan tanaman budidaya, tetapi juga dapat menekan pertumbuhan sesama gulma. Penelitian yang pernah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa teki mampu menekan pertumbuhan gulma Chorchorus olitorius dan Echinochloa crus-galli (El-Rokiek et al, 2010) serta menekan perkecambahan biji gulma berdaun lebar yaitu Asystasia gangetica sebesar 69.33% pada konsentrasi ekstrak 1 kg L -1 dan 92.67% dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 1.5 kg L -1 , selain itu juga menekan perkecambahan biji Borreria alata, dan Mimosa pigra (Chozin et al, 2013). Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut diketahui bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak yang berbeda terbukti memberi pengaruh penekanan yang juga berbeda.…”