Allelopathic Influence on Blue-Green Bloom Sequence in a Eutrophic Lake

Keating, Kathleen Irwin

doi:10.1126/science.196.4292.885

Cited by 264 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Considering that some allelochemicals are inducible and their production controlled by stress or other environmental factors (see Sections 1.A and V.A), we should expect a changing susceptibility of target organisms to allelopathically active species within one habitat. Further, the studies by Keating (1977Keating ( , 1978 showed that allelopathy might explain phytoplankton succession within one lake. Thus, not only spatial concems (same or different original habitat of interfering species) but also temporal aspects (climax of stressors, seasonal succession of species) need reference.…”

Section: B Suitable Target Organisms and Impact Of Stressors On Allementioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, pelagic algae and cyanobacteria may use allelopathically active compounds to outcompete other species, to gain dominance over predecessors, or infiuence the type of conspecifics and successors. Fundamental studies have been done by Keating (1977Keating ( , 1978 on allelopathy and the cyanobacterial dominance in eutrophic lakes. Allelopathy in pelagic environments depends on sufficient production and excretion of allelopathically active compounds into the water and their effective distribution to reach target species at active concentrations.…”

Section: A Differences Between Terrestrial and Aquatic Habitatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allelopathy of Aquatic Autotrophs

Gross¹

2003

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences

542

355

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Allelopathy in aquatic environments may provide a competitive advantage to angiosperms, algae, or cyanobacteria in their interaction with other primary producers. Allelopathy can influence the competition between different photoautotrophs for resources and change the succession of species, for exarnple, in phytoplankton cornmunities. Field evidence and laboratory studies indicate that allelopathy occurs in all aquatic habitats (marine and freshwater), and that ail prirnary producing organisms (cyanobacteria, micro-and macroalgae as well as angiospenns) are capable of producing and releasing allelopathically active compounds. Although allelopathy also includes positive (stimulating) interactions, the majority of studies describe the inhibitory activity of ailelopathicaily active compounds. Different mechanisms operate depending on whether allelopathy takes place in the Open water (pelagic zone) or is Substrate associated (benthic habitats). Allelopathical interactions are especiaily common in fully aquatic species, such as submersed macrophytes or benthic algae and cyanobacteria. The prevention of shading by epiphytic and planktonic primary producers and the competition for space may be the ultimate cause for allelopathical interactions. Aquatic ailelochemicals often target multiple physiological processes. The inhibition of photosynthesis of competing primary producers seems tobe a frequent mode of action. Multiple biotic and abiotic factors determine the strength of allelopathic interactions. Bacteria associated with the donor or target organism can metabolize excreted aiielochemicals. Frequently, the impact of surplus or limiting nutrients has been shown to affect the overail production of allelochemicals and their effect on target species. Similarities and differences of ailelopathic interactions in marine and freshwater habitats as well as between the different types of producing organisms are discussed.

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Section: B Suitable Target Organisms and Impact Of Stressors On Allementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Differences Between Terrestrial and Aquatic Habitatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathy of Aquatic Autotrophs

Gross¹

2003

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences

542

355

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“…The growth rate of Aphanizomenon surpassed that of Anabaena but abruptly ceased. The production of allelopathically-active compounds, whose effects correlate with cell density, could provide a plausible explanation for this pattern (Keating, 1977 ;Flores & Wolk, 1986 ;Bagchi, Chauhan & Marwah, 1993). Some strains of Anabaena are known to release such growth-inhibitors, and some of these compounds interfere with photosynthetic electron transport and are presumed to be more inhibitory under lightlimited conditions (Von Elert & Ju$ ttner, 1996).…”

Section: Light-limited Growth Of Diazotrophsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the light‐limited growth of the nitrogen‐fixing cyanobacteria Anabaena and Aphanizomenon

et al. 1998

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The effect of simultaneous N # fixation and light limitation on the growth of two strains of Anabaena sp. Bory de St. Vincent and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (L.) Ralfs was investigated using continuous cultures. Under severely light-limited conditions, Aphanizomenon showed a broader absorption spectrum (due to the presence of phycoerythrin), a higher maximum efficiency of photosynthesis, a higher steady-state N # fixation activity and a higher growth affinity for light than did Anabaena. On the other hand, under light saturation, Anabaena showed a higher maximum rate of O # production and a higher maximum specific growth rate than Aphanizomenon. These monoculture results characterize Anabaena and Aphanizomenon, in relative terms, as a ' sun ' and a ' shade ' species respectively, and are in accordance with field observations. The difference between the two species in their acclimatory response is discussed in terms of a species-specific alteration of the PSI : PSII stoichiometry. Besides the species-specific modulation of the accessory pigments, such an acclimation would provide a biochemical basis for the observed physiological differences. The monoculture results were used to differentiate the niches of the two species and suggested that Aphanizomenon would competitively displace Anabaena under N # -fixing, light-limited conditions. However, when both species were grown together, Anabaena became dominant and seemed to be the superior competitor for light. In order to explain this finding, the possible effects of release of allelopathic compounds, or dynamic aspects of light supply, are discussed.

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“…Even before the Vienna botanist Hans Molisch coined the term allelopathy to describe biochemical interactions among plants and between plants and microorganisms (Molisch, 1937), some studies reported negative effects of one primary producer on another not related to resource competition (Harder, 1917;Akehurst, 1931), and multiple studies followed (e.g., Pratt et al, 1944;Keating, 1977). Although by its original definition, stimulatory and inhibitory allelopathic effects might occur, most studies report negative interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for allelopathic effects of submerged macrophytes on phytoplankton—state of the art and open questions

Gross

Hilt

Lombardo

et al. 2007

Shallow Lakes in a Changing World

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Allelopathy, here defined as biochemical interactions between aquatic primary producers, has always been intriguing as a process explaining the dominance of certain plant or algal species over others. Negative chemical interference has been invoked as one of the steering mechanisms behind mutual dominance of either submerged macrophytes or phytoplankton in shallow eutrophic lakes. Yet, despite much effort, convincing evidence for allelopathic interactions in situ is still missing. Also, laboratory approaches often lack reality. Inspired by a series of talks at the Shallow Lakes 2005 meeting in Dalfsen, the Netherlands, we argue that there is circumstantial but strong evidence that allelopathic interference between submerged macrophytes and phytoplankton may indeed exist in aquatic ecosystems despite the problems associated with research in this field. We first discuss experimental approaches combining laboratory and field studies, based on examples presented at this meeting. We then discuss the impact of nutrient status of both producing and target organism and biotic factors such as herbivory or pathogens that might affect allelopathy. Further topics are the potential seasonality of effects and the species-specificity of certain allelochemicals. We conclude with some thoughts why a final First publ. in: Hydrobiologia 584 (2007), pp. 77-88 proof for allelopathy in situ might remain difficult or even inaccessible in some cases, and why we nevertheless should not abandon this idea.

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Allelopathic Influence on Blue-Green Bloom Sequence in a Eutrophic Lake

Cited by 264 publications

References 7 publications

Allelopathy of Aquatic Autotrophs

Allelopathy of Aquatic Autotrophs

Comparison of the light‐limited growth of the nitrogen‐fixing cyanobacteria Anabaena and Aphanizomenon

Searching for allelopathic effects of submerged macrophytes on phytoplankton—state of the art and open questions

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