Allelopathy in agroecosystems: Wheat phytotoxicity and its possible roles in crop rotation

Lodhi, M. A. K.; Bilal, Rakhshanda; Malik, K. A.

doi:10.1007/bf01013237

Cited by 79 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…There is also evidence of allelopathic properties of cereal residues in respect to inhibiting surface weed seed germination (Steinsiek et al 1982;Lodhi & Malik 1987;Jung et al 2004). Weeds will be controlled when the cover crop is cut, rolled flat or killed.…”

Section: Conservation Agriculture Definedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of conservation agriculture in sustainable agriculture

Hobbs

Sayre

Gupta

2007

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

1,247

713

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The paper focuses on conservation agriculture (CA), defined as minimal soil disturbance (no-till, NT) and permanent soil cover (mulch) combined with rotations, as a more sustainable cultivation system for the future. Cultivation and tillage play an important role in agriculture. The benefits of tillage in agriculture are explored before introducing conservation tillage (CT), a practice that was borne out of the American dust bowl of the 1930s. The paper then describes the benefits of CA, a suggested improvement on CT, where NT, mulch and rotations significantly improve soil properties and other biotic factors. The paper concludes that CA is a more sustainable and environmentally friendly management system for cultivating crops. Case studies from the rice-wheat areas of the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia and the irrigated maize-wheat systems of Northwest Mexico are used to describe how CA practices have been used in these two environments to raise production sustainably and profitably. Benefits in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and their effect on global warming are also discussed. The paper concludes that agriculture in the next decade will have to sustainably produce more food from less land through more efficient use of natural resources and with minimal impact on the environment in order to meet growing population demands. Promoting and adopting CA management systems can help meet this goal.

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Section: Conservation Agriculture Definedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of conservation agriculture in sustainable agriculture

Hobbs

Sayre

Gupta

2007

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

1,247

713

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Total water-soluble phenolics were determined as per Swain and Hillis (1959) using Folin-cicalteu reagent and are expressed as vanillic acid equivalents as it has been found as an allelochemical in wheat straw (Lodhi et al, 1987). The chemical characteristics of the extract are given in Table 1.…”

Section: Preparation Of Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic action of aqueous wheat straw extract on horse e purslane

et al. 2012

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-The toxic action of aqueous wheat (Triticum aestivum) straw extracts was investigated on germination, early seedling growth, some biochemical attributes and the antioxidant enzymes of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum). Aqueous extracts of wheat straw were prepared by soaking the wheat straw in distilled water in 1:10 w/v ratio and diluted to obtain the concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. These were used as pre and post emergence in laboratory and screen house trials. Wheat aqueous extracts exhibited phytotoxicity to horse purslane by inhibiting and delaying its germination and suppressing seedling growth. Wheat phytotoxins in its aqueous extracts suppressed the chlorophyll content and soluble protein, and enhanced soluble phenolics and the activity of antioxidant enzymes as catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the seedlings of horse purslane compared with the control. Such inhibitory activity is believed to originate from exposure to wheat phytotoxins that are present in its aqueous straw extract. The suppressive effects of wheat straw need to be investigated further under field conditions. Keywords: phytotoxins, germination, seedling growth, phenolics, antioxidants.RESUMO -A ação tóxica de extratos aquosos da palha de trigo (Triticum aestivum) foi investigada na germinação, no crescimento inicial da plântula, em alguns atributos bioquímicos e nas enzimas antioxidantes de beldroegas-cavalo (Thianthema portulacastrum). Extratos aquosos de palha de trigo foram preparados pela imersão deste em água destilada na proporção de 01:10 m/v e diluidos para obtenção de cinco concentrações (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%). Estes foram usados como pré e pós-emergência em ensaios de laboratório e casa de vegetação. Os extratos aquosos de trigo exibiram toxicidade às beldroegas-cavalo, inibindo e retardando a sua germinação e suprimindo o crescimento das plântulas. Toxinas no extrato aquoso de trigo suprimiram o teor de clorofila e proteína solúvel, aumentaram os fenóis solúveis e a atividade de enzimas antioxidantes como catalase, peroxidase e superóxido dismutase em plântulas de beldroega-cavalo comparado ao controle. Acreditase que essa atividade inibitória origina-se da exposição das beldroegas-cavalo às toxinas presentes no extrato aquoso de palha de trigo. Efeitos supressivos da palha de trigo precisam ser investigados em condições de campo.Palavras-chave: palha de trigo, toxinas, germinação, crescimento das plântulas, fenólicos antioxidantes.

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“…Indeed, there is an increasing interest in the weed suppressive ability of crops for both organic and conventional farming systems (Mason and Spaner 2006). Cereal crop plants, such as wheat (Lodhi et al 1987;Wu et al 2000a, b), barley (Overland 1966;Liu and Lovett 1993b;Fujii 2001) and rice (Olofsdotter et al 1999), have been shown to produce allelochemicals with a capacity to reduce growth of other plant species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic and autotoxicity effects of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ssp. vulgare) root exudates

et al. 2014

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The allelopathic activity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ssp. vulgare) root exudates was studied by comparing their effects on seedling establishment in barley itself and in two weed species, Bromus diandrus Roth, and Lolium rigidum Gaudin, using an original laboratory protocol, named 'seed-after-seed'. In this protocol, the donor and the receiver species of water-soluble allelochemicals are grown one after the other in the same dishes, in conditions reducing resource competition between both species. Growth of all receptive species (weeds and barley) was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, when using increasing barley seed densities (0, 8, 19 and 25 seeds per Petri dish). In our conditions, the barley varieties and landraces exhibited different allelopathic activities against weeds or barley. The allelopathic potential of the barley root exudates was also dependent on the receiver species. Indeed, the released allelochemicals proved to be more toxic against the weed plants than on barley itself. Furthermore, the toxicity of the allelochemicals increased after their release by roots, between day 0 and day 6. These allelochemicals might contribute to the plant community dynamics and their usefulness as bio-herbicides deserves further consideration.

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Allelopathy in agroecosystems: Wheat phytotoxicity and its possible roles in crop rotation

Cited by 79 publications

References 28 publications

The role of conservation agriculture in sustainable agriculture

The role of conservation agriculture in sustainable agriculture

Toxic action of aqueous wheat straw extract on horse e purslane

Allelopathic and autotoxicity effects of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ssp. vulgare) root exudates

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