Allergen Specific Immunotherapy in Canine Atopic Dermatitis: an Update

Fischer, Nina; Müller, Ralf

doi:10.1007/s13671-019-00276-z

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Ultimately, this targeted therapy aims to improve the patient's clinical condition and QoL, re-educating the immune system into a desensitised/tolerogenic state that should persist after treatment discontinuation 5,6 . AIT value for CAD is supported by several studies, reporting success rates between 50% and 80% 10,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] . Moreover, the updated International Committee on Allergic Diseases of Animals' (ICADA) guidelines for treating CAD recognise AIT as an effective and safe therapy, despite the evidence being based on inconsistent patientoriented uncontrolled studies 19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only aetiological CAD treatment capable of reversing the long-term syndrome's pathogenesis, inducing a clinical remission state, and preventing new sensitizations [5][6][7][8][9][10] . Ultimately, this targeted therapy aims to improve the patient's clinical condition and QoL, re-educating the immune system into a desensitised/tolerogenic state that should persist after treatment discontinuation 5,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) route has recently emerged for CAD treatment, providing encouraging initial evidence of safety and efficacy 11,17,18 . However, relapse of CAD clinical signs after ILIT discontinuation is frequent, and its procedure requires trained personnel 5,6,10,17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epicutaneous immunotherapy as a new hope for canine atopic dermatitis: a proof-of-concept study

Pinto

Marto

Ramió‐Lluch

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background – Allergen immunotherapy is a well-established treatment for canine atopic dermatitis (CAD), but non-invasive, safe, effective, and easy-to-use home-administration routes that promote owner’s compliance are needed. Epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) has been suggested as a promising alternative treatment for human allergies. This study primarily evaluated EPIT’s feasibility, effectiveness, and safety for CAD. Methods – Sixteen client-owned dogs with spontaneous, nonseasonal, mite-sensitive CAD were enrolled for a 6-month, once-weekly, 12-hour EPIT. A costume-made 3D-printed device was designed to deliver the allergen-based formulation. Primary efficacy outcomes included the owner’s assessed pruritus (PVAS10) and treatment efficacy (OGATE), and veterinarian-assessed skin lesions (2D-IGA). Secondary efficacy outcomes were the quality-of-life (QoL) and serological allergen-specific IgE’s concentrations. Effectiveness was defined by the success of the primary efficacy outcomes, according to the ICADA’s COSCAD’18 recommendations. EPIT was deemed safe in the absence of severe side-effects. Results – EPIT effectively improved clinical condition, with a success rate of 73.3% for pruritus, 66.7% for skin lesions, and 93.3% for QoL. A good-to-excellent response to EPIT was rated by 93.3% of owners in OGATE. EPIT significantly improved PVAS10 (p=0.000015), 2D-IGA (p=0.006) and QoL (p=0.000014) scores over six months. A significant difference was evident within one month for PVAS10 (p=0.003) and 2D-IGA (p=0.009) scores. Seven dogs partially desensitised to at least one mite and two fully desensitised to all mites after six months. Severe adverse events were not recorded. Conclusions – This pioneer study emphasises EPIT’s potential as a novel and promising, non-invasive, feasible, effective, safe, and well-tolerated CAD treatment, supporting further investigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Epicutaneous immunotherapy as a new hope for canine atopic dermatitis: a proof-of-concept study

Pinto

Marto

Ramió‐Lluch

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…ASIT is presently recognized as the only clinically effective disease-modifying treatment for both human and canine allergy diseases [4,5]. The sensitization method is effective in about 50-75% of dog patients [5][6][7]. ASIT induces long-term clinical tolerance to allergens to which the patient was previously allergic and allows for reduced use of systemic anti-inflammatory agents, thus improving the quality of life of patients suffering from AD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy on Transcriptomic Changes in Canine Atopic Dermatitis

Majewska

Gajewska

Dembele

2023

IJMS

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Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a genetic, chronic, and recurrent inflammatory and pruritic skin disorder. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) is presently recognized as the only clinically effective disease-modifying treatment for allergies. The aim of our study was to analyze the changes in gene expression observed in the peripheral blood nuclear cells of cAD patients subjected to ASIT. Blood samples designated for transcriptomic analyses were collected from AD dogs twice, before and six months after ASIT, and also from healthy dogs. Statistical analysis revealed 521 differentially expressed transcripts, among which 241 transcripts represented genes with well-described functions. Based on the available literature, we chose nine differentially expressed genes (RARRES2, DPP10, SLPI, PLSCR4, MMP9, NTSR1, CBD103, DEFB122, and IL36G) which may be important in the context of the dysregulated immune response observed in cAD patients. The expressions of five out of the nine described genes (DPP10, PLSCR4, NTSR1, DEFB122, and IL36G) changed after the application of ASIT. The expressions of three of these genes returned to the level observed in the healthy control group. The genes listed above need further investigation to determine details of their role in the molecular mechanism of immune tolerance induction in response to allergen-specific immunotherapy.

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“…In the second phase allergen specific immunotherapy (ASIT) can be used. In approximately 50–75% of atopic animals, desensitization is effective [ 20 , 21 ]. This form of therapy typically involves subcutaneous administration of gradually increasing quantities of the patient’s relevant allergens until a dose is reached that is effective in inducing immunologic tolerance to the allergens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine and Lymphocyte Profiles in Dogs with Atopic Dermatitis after Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy

et al. 2022

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Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory and pruritic skin disease in dogs. Currently, allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) is the only identified disease-modifying intervention for allergic diseases. It decreases the symptoms triggered by allergens and prevents recurrence of the disease in the long-term. The aim of our research was to determine how immunotherapy changes the proportion of lymphocyte subsets in dog peripheral blood and the levels of cytokines secreted by these cells during therapy. ASIT was applied for 6 months. Blood samples for further analyses were collected from patients in the third and sixth month of immunotherapy. Six out of seven dogs receiving ASIT showed a positive effect. A reduction in cytokine levels (IL-13, TNF-α) in peripheral blood of cAD patients and changes in the number of specific T cell subpopulations—reduction of Tc cells (CD8+) and increase of activated T cells (CD3+CD25+)—confirmed the beneficial effect of the applied ASIT. In addition, a significantly higher percentage of Treg cells (CD4+CD25+FOXP3+) was noted in cAD patients before treatment compared to healthy dogs. After 3 months of therapy, the percentage of Tregs significantly decreased, and after 6 months, it increased significantly again.

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Allergen Specific Immunotherapy in Canine Atopic Dermatitis: an Update

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Epicutaneous immunotherapy as a new hope for canine atopic dermatitis: a proof-of-concept study

Epicutaneous immunotherapy as a new hope for canine atopic dermatitis: a proof-of-concept study

Effect of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy on Transcriptomic Changes in Canine Atopic Dermatitis

Cytokine and Lymphocyte Profiles in Dogs with Atopic Dermatitis after Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy

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