Allergens in Medical Hand Skin Cleansers

Rodriguez-Homs, Larissa G; Atwater, Amber Reck

doi:10.1097/der.0000000000000504

Cited by 20 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Propylene glycol may be found in a large amount of hand cleaners and disinfectants in the healthcare setting. A study conducted evaluating the ingredients of 100 hand cleansers and disinfectants commercially available in the USA found propylene glycol to be present in approximately 15% of waterless skin soaps, 33% of water-needed skin soaps, and just under 40% of surgical scrubs [35]. In a similar study assessing allergenic ingredients in hand sanitizers used across five major Minnesota hospitals and 20 hospitals across the USA, propylene glycol was listed as an ingredient in 22/80, or 27.5% of the products [36].…”

Section: Propylene Glycol (2018)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies suggest a wide array of allergens may be present in medical hand cleaners [35,36]. Quaternary ammonium compounds, a group which includes benzalkonium chloride, were the most common active ingredients in over 200 EPAregistered disinfectants approved for SARS-CoV-2 [107,108].…”

Section: Hand Sanitizing Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditionally considered to be primarily irritant in nature, recent studies have suggested rising rates of sensitization to benzalkonium chloride [109,110]. Fragrance, one of the most common allergens based on epidemiologic studies conducted by the NACDG [15], was found in half of 42 medical waterless hand soaps in one study [35]. Moreover, it was found in 40% of hand sanitizers evaluated across 25 hospitals [36].…”

Section: Hand Sanitizing Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tocopherol (vitamin E), added to hand sanitizers to reduce irritation, is also frequently present in medical hand sanitizers and is part of the ACDS Core Allergen Series. However, it only has an allergy rate of 0.5%, so it may be less clinically relevant [15,35,36]. Kadivar and colleagues additionally report formaldehyde-releasing preservatives and cocamide diethanolamine (DEA) as relevant allergens present in hand cleansers [97].…”

Section: Hand Sanitizing Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data from the NACDG demonstrate the rates of occupational ACD due to chloroxylenol and cocamide DEA, present in hand sanitizers and cleansers, were higher among HCWs compared to non-HCWs [104]. Other potential allergens include propylene glycol, cocamidopropyl betaine, and chlorhexidine [35].…”

Section: Hand Sanitizing Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

What Is New in Occupational Allergic Contact Dermatitis in the Year of the COVID Pandemic?

Lee

Lobl

Ford

et al. 2021

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Purpose of Review This article aims to summarize some recent trends in occupational allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), including dermatitis related to pandemic-level personal protective equipment in healthcare workers, hazards patients may experience when working from home, and occupational perspectives on the recent American Contact Dermatitis Society (ACDS) allergens of the year and ACDS Core Allergen Series updates. Recent Findings Recent ACDS Allergens of the Year may be particularly relevant to healthcare workers, including isobornyl acrylate, which is present in glucose sensors and propylene glycol present in hand cleansers and disinfectants. Lavender, limonene, and linalool, all of which are new additions to the ACDS Core Allergen Series, have been reported as causes for occupational ACD in massage therapists and aromatherapists. Isothiazolinone allergy continues to rise in both consumer and occupational settings. Finally, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a wave of occupational ACD in healthcare workers to personal protective equipment, and revealed new potential allergens for individuals working from home. Summary Occupational allergic contact dermatitis continues to exert a significant occupational disease burden. Remaining aware of the current trends in allergens may allow for earlier recognition, diagnosis, and treatment, subsequently helping our patients to work in healthier and safer environments.

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Section: Propylene Glycol (2018)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hand Sanitizing Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hand Sanitizing Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hand Sanitizing Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hand Sanitizing Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What Is New in Occupational Allergic Contact Dermatitis in the Year of the COVID Pandemic?

Lee

Lobl

Ford

et al. 2021

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Smart elastomer sanitizer with chemically bonded active compound and on‐demand‐release antimicrobial functionalities

Teong

Armugam

Chan

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Hand or surface sanitizers are all liquid‐based products which can be mainly categorized as alcohol or non‐alcohol based. The constant release of highly persistent disinfectants and chemicals is hazardous to the environment and human health. Herein, a new concept of solid elastomer sanitizer with inherent fast‐killing antimicrobial property is described. Silicone (PDMS) was chosen as the elastomer where the active antimicrobial component of imidazolium polymer (PIM) was carefully modified and incorporated into the PDMS matrix through strong covalent bonds. This chemically bonded antimicrobial component within PDMS acts via release‐on‐demand model which allows for the long‐term reusability of the material. The resulting material can serve as a reusable solid sanitizer that is toxic‐free and skin‐friendly with fast‐killing property. It was proven to sanitize our hands or surfaces and kill microbes within 30–60 s of contact, including ESKAPE pathogens, bacteria, fungi and MS2 bacteriophage. This new concept of solid sanitizer methodology will provide an interesting insight and infinite possibilities for extending to other types of elastomers with suitable or tunable antimicrobial components. This also helps to provide a safer and greener sanitizing model which can dramatically reduce the usage and/or release of disinfectants or harmful chemicals to the environment. The possibilities of extending to other elastomers also widen its potential applications.

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Management von Kontaktekzemen

Dickel

2023

Allergo J

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Allergens in Medical Hand Skin Cleansers

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

What Is New in Occupational Allergic Contact Dermatitis in the Year of the COVID Pandemic?

What Is New in Occupational Allergic Contact Dermatitis in the Year of the COVID Pandemic?

Smart elastomer sanitizer with chemically bonded active compound and on‐demand‐release antimicrobial functionalities

Management von Kontaktekzemen

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