Allergic Colitis in Infancy

Machida, H; Smith, A. Gordon; Gall, David; Trevenen, Cynthia; Scott, R. B.

doi:10.1097/00005176-199407000-00004

Cited by 198 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…1), T T values in allergic individuals show a wide range of distribution, indicating that intestinal mucosal mast cells are distributed rather in a patchy way than a regular one [8,17,20,25,26]. This variation of mast cell density or T T content may well indicate the existence of several clinically distinct and local forms of food allergy, which have been described as allergic proctitis, allergic enterocolitis or allergic ileitis [14,21,27,28]. According to the location of the main mast cell infiltrates, IgE cross-linking by food antigens on mast cells may thus induce a plethora of various gastrointestinal complaints, ranging from simple or excruciating bloating to diarrhea or severe malabsorption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mast Cell Tryptase Levels in Gut Mucosa in Patients with Gastrointestinal Symptoms Caused by Food Allergy

Hagel

deRossi

Zopf

et al. 2012

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background and Aims: Mast cells, which are important effector cells in food allergy, require a special histologic treatment for quantification in endoscopic gastrointestinal samples. The objective of this study was to investigate whether mast cell tryptase (T), a typical mast cell-associated marker, may help to detect patients with food allergy. Methods: Mast cell T was investigated from 289 colorectal samples of 73 controls, 302 samples from 43 patients with food allergy and gastrointestinal symptoms, and 72 samples from 12 patients with partial or complete remission of allergic symptoms. Endoscopically taken samples were immediately put into liquid nitrogen, mechanically homogenized by a micro-dismembrator with three homogenization steps and tissue T content (ng T/mg wet weight) was measured by fluoroenzyme immunoassay. Results: Tissue T levels from the lower gastrointestinal tract were significantly elevated (p < 0.0001) in patients with manifest gastrointestinal allergy (median: 55.7, range: 9.3–525.0) compared with controls (median: 33.5, range: 8.0–154.6). A subgroup of 12 patients with remission of allergy showed markedly decreased symptom scores and mucosal T levels after more than 1 year of antiallergic therapy (pretreatment median: 54.1, range: 37.0–525.0 and posttreatment median: 28.4, range: 19.8–69.1; p = 0.01). Conclusions: High T levels in the gut of food-allergic patients support the role of stimulated mast cells or an increased mast cell number.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with T T levels below 45 ng/mg w.w. in the lower gastrointestinal tract might have: (1) a non-IgE-mediated (e.g. type III or IV) allergy [13,21,29], (2) a lower disease activity [1,14,20,21,22,24,25,26,27,28,30] or (3) the allergic process might be located in the upper gastrointestinal tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mast Cell Tryptase Levels in Gut Mucosa in Patients with Gastrointestinal Symptoms Caused by Food Allergy

Hagel

deRossi

Zopf

et al. 2012

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…For a definitive diagnosis, elimination and challenge of allergens are recommended [7]. As a distinctive approach, the histological findings associated with eosinophil infiltrations – for example, >20 eosinophils/HPF (87 and 130 eosinophils/HPF in cases 3 and 4, respectively) – are also reported to be good criteria for the diagnosis of AC [6,18,19]. A cluster of eosinophils in mucous and bloody stool may be of diagnostic value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders in Infants: A Japanese Case Series

Yamada

Nishi²,

Ebara³

et al. 2011

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) are disorders characterized by primary eosinophil inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. There are a small number of reports of eosinophil infiltration in gastrointestinal tracts presenting as EGIDs in infants. In this study, we present Japanese cases of EGIDs in infants. Methods: Five patients diagnosed with or strongly suspected to have EGIDs in our hospital from 2008 to 2010 were reviewed. Radiographic contrast enema examinations and/or endoscopies were performed in 4 and 3 patients, respectively. Results: There were patients with eosinophilic colitis (1 suspected and 2 biopsy-proven), a patient who was suspected of having allergic eosinophilic enterocolitis, and a patient with eosinophilic gastroenteritis associated with pediatric hypereosinophilic syndrome. Conclusions: The causes and clinical findings of patients with intestinal eosinophil inflammation vary. Therefore, deliberate examination and observation are important for patients with infantile EGID.

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“…The endoscopic features are generally intact macroscopic structures with swollen erythematous lymphoid follicles (LNH), patchy granularity, and aphthous lesions. Histologically, EC is characterized with eosinophil infiltrate [2,3]. The disease affects both breast-fed and soy or cow’s milk-based formula-receiving children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific MicroRNA Pattern in Colon Tissue of Young Children with Eosinophilic Colitis

Kiss

Béres

Sziksz

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Eosinophilic colitis (EC) is a common cause of haematochezia in infants and young children. The exact pathomechanism is not understood, and the diagnosis is challenging. The role of microRNAs as key class of regulators of mRNA expression and translation in patients with EC has not been explored. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the miRNA profile in EC with respect to eosinophilic inflammation. Patients enrolled in the study (n = 10) had persistent rectal bleeding, and did not respond to elimination dietary treatment. High-throughput microRNA sequencing was carried out on colonic biopsy specimens of children with EC (EC: n = 4) and controls (C: n = 4) as a preliminary screening of the miRNA profile. Based on the next-generation sequencing (NGS) results and literature data, a potentially relevant panel of miRNAs were selected for further measurements by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR (EC: n = 14, C: n = 10). Validation by RT-PCR resulted in significantly altered expression of miR-21, -31, -99b, -125a, -146a, -184, -221, -223, and -559 compared to controls (p ≤ 0.05). Elevation in miR-21, -99b, -146a, -221, and -223 showed statistically significant correlation to the extent of tissue eosinophilia. Based on our results, we conclude that the dysregulated miRNAs have a potential role in the regulation of apoptosis by targeting Protein kinase B/Mechanistic target of rapamycin (AKT/mTOR)-related pathways in inflammation by modulating Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)-related signalling and eosinophil cell recruitment and activation, mainly by regulating the expression of the chemoattractant eotaxin and the adhesion molecule CD44. Our results could serve as a basis for further extended research exploring the pathomechanism of EC.

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Allergic Colitis in Infancy

Cited by 198 publications

References 0 publications

Mast Cell Tryptase Levels in Gut Mucosa in Patients with Gastrointestinal Symptoms Caused by Food Allergy

Mast Cell Tryptase Levels in Gut Mucosa in Patients with Gastrointestinal Symptoms Caused by Food Allergy

Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders in Infants: A Japanese Case Series

Specific MicroRNA Pattern in Colon Tissue of Young Children with Eosinophilic Colitis

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