Allergic contact dermatitis from trifluoridine in eyedrops

Millán-Parrilla, Fernando; Cuadra, J. de la

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb01599.x

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…2 Similarly, in Germany, a study reported positive reactions to phenylephrine (3.0%, 34/1144), atropine (0.5%, 6/1144), and pilocarpine (0.4%, 5/ 1144) in patients tested to the Deutsche Kontaktallergie-Gruppe ophthalmic tray. 3 Trifluridine, 48 echothiophate iodide, 49 and ketorolac 50 are other active constituents that may cause contact allergy.…”

Section: Active Ingredientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Allergens in Prescription Topical Ophthalmic Medications

Shaver¹,

Warshaw²

2022

Dermatitis

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Background/Objective: Both active and inactive ingredients in topical ophthalmic agents may cause allergic contact dermatitis. Here, we examined ingredients in prescription topical ophthalmic medications available in the United States.Methods: A comprehensive list of topical ophthalmic medications was generated using AccessPharmacy. Categories included antiglaucoma, antibiotic, antibiotic/corticosteroid, corticosteroid, antiviral, antifungal, mydriatic, and miotic agents. For each formulation, ingredients were investigated using the National Institutes of Health US National Library of Medicine database and/or manufacturer websites. Counts and proportions were calculated for inactive ingredients, including those in the American Contact Dermatitis Society (ACDS) Core 90 Allergen Series.Results: Two hundred sixty-four unique prescription ophthalmic medications met the inclusion criteria. The most common ACDS Core 90 allergen/cross-reactor inactive ingredient was benzalkonium chloride (68.1%, 180/264), followed by sorbates (11.7%, 31/264), parabens (6.8%, 18/264), sodium metabisulfite (3.8%, 10/264), propylene glycol (3.0%, 8/264), and lanolin (3.0%, 8/264). Approximately 21% (20.8%, 55/264) of products had no ACDS Core 90 allergens/cross-reactor inactive ingredients. The most common ACDS Core 90 allergen/cross-reactor active ingredients were aminoglycoside antibiotics, bacitracin/polymyxin B, and corticosteroids. Important non-ACDS Core 90 allergens included inactive ingredients, such as EDTA 28.0% and thimerosal 2.7%, as well as active ingredients, especially b-blockers.Conclusions: Benzalkonium chloride, sodium metabisulfite, propylene glycol, and lanolin were common inactive ingredient allergens. Most ophthalmic categories had low allergen formulations available for patients with contact allergy.

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Section: Active Ingredientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Allergens in Prescription Topical Ophthalmic Medications

Shaver¹,

Warshaw²

2022

Dermatitis

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“…At the time of HEDS, trifluridine was the widest available topical antiviral; however, initial dosing is nine times per day and it has been associated with ocular surface toxicity and allergic conjunctivitis. 76,77 It has therefore been replaced with ganciclovir in the US and aciclovir in Australia/NZ (aciclovir is not FDA approved in the US). Aciclovir and ganciclovir work by inhibiting the synthesis of viral DNA in infected cells, thereby stopping viral replication.…”

Section: Current Herpes Keratitis Treatment In Light Of the Herpes Eye Disease Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty years since the Herpetic Eye Disease Study: Lessons, developments and applications to clinical practice

Arshad

Petsoglou

Lee

et al. 2021

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is the most common virus that causes eye disease. Although around 60% of the world's population are seropositive for HSV antigens, fortunately, it is estimated that only 1% of seropositive individuals develop eye disease. The most common ocular manifestation of HSV is keratitis, while uveitis and retinal necrosis occur in a small number of cases. HSV keratitis is a debilitating disease, for several reasons: pain , photophobia, and vision loss in acute disease, latency of the virus which leads to infection reactivation from various triggers, scarring, and neovascularisation, leading to permanent vision loss with poor visual rehabilitation prospects. The Herpetic Eye Disease Study (HEDS) was a landmark series of randomised controlled trials in the 1990s that set the benchmark for evidence-based treatment guidelines for anterior eye herpetic disease. Since this time, there has been a change in the distribution of seroprevalence of herpes in the community, a simplified diagnostic classification, advances in treatment options, an emergence of new and a better understanding of risk factors, and discoveries in science that show promise for vaccine and novel future treatments. However, many of the principles of the HEDS study remain rightly entrenched in clinical practice. In this article, the HEDS study is revisited 20 years on through the lens of published literature, to determine current best practise and look towards the future.

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“…A 70-year-old male had a 3-month history of eczema of his left eyelid, which had been treated with various eye drops [77]. He was patch tested with the Spanish standard series, topical medicament series, and his own ophthalmic products, showing a positive result only to Viromidin™ eye drops.…”

Section: Idoxuridine and Trifluoridinementioning

confidence: 99%

Hypersensitivity Reactions to Ophthalmic Products

Ventura

Viola

Gaeta

et al. 2006

CPD

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Adverse reactions after administration of ophthalmic products have frequently been observed. These reactions can be provoked by both active principles and excipients. Different pathogenic mechanisms have been suggested for such reactions, including immunologic ones. Basophils and mast cells participate in IgE-mediated reactions through the release of mediators like histamine and tryptase, whereas a T-cell-mediated pathogenic mechanism is involved in most delayed reactions, particularly conjunctival ones and eyelid dermatitis. Prick tests and immediate-reading intradermal tests are carried out to diagnose immediate hypersensitivity reactions, while patch tests are usually performed to evaluate delayed reactions. Other diagnostic tests, such as serum-specific IgE assays in immediate reactions, as well as delayed-reading intradermal tests and/or lymphocyte transformation tests in delayed ones, are rarely performed. In this review, particular attention is addressed to the clinical and practical aspects of both cell-mediated and IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to ophthalmic products.

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Allergic contact dermatitis from trifluoridine in eyedrops

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Contact Allergens in Prescription Topical Ophthalmic Medications

Contact Allergens in Prescription Topical Ophthalmic Medications

Twenty years since the Herpetic Eye Disease Study: Lessons, developments and applications to clinical practice

Hypersensitivity Reactions to Ophthalmic Products

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