Allergic contact dermatitis to methyl and propyl paraben

Schamberg, Ira Leo

doi:10.1001/archderm.95.6.626

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In the older literature, paraben hypersensitivity has been reported. In many, sensitization followed topical application of paraben medicaments to broken skin (Sarkany 1960;Schorr and Mohajerin 1966;Schamberg 1967;Reed 1969;Wulf and Memmesheimer 1969;Fisher 1975;Husain 1977;Simpson 1978;Henry et al 1979). Other cases of sensitivity from parabens in anesthetic solutions injected intravenously are reported (Latronica et al 1969;Aeling and Nuss 1974;Nagel et al 1977).…”

Section: Multiple Parabensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Final Amended Report on the Safety Assessment of Methylparaben, Ethylparaben, Propylparaben, Isopropylparaben, Butylparaben, Isobutylparaben, and Benzylparaben as used in Cosmetic Products

2008

Int J Toxicol

162

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Coal Tar is a semisolid by-product obtained in the destructive distillation of bituminous coal, which functions in cosmetic products as a cosmetic biocide and denaturant--antidandruff agent is also listed as a function, but this is considered an over-the-counter (OTC) drug use. Coal Tar is a nearly black, viscous liquid, heavier than water, with a naphthalene-like odor and a sharp burning taste, produced in cooking ovens as a by-product in the manufacture of coke. Crude Coal Tar is composed of 48% hydrocarbons, 42% carbon, and 10% water. In 2002, Coal Tar was reported to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to be used in four formulations, all of which appear to be OTC drug products. Coal Tar is monographed by the FDA as Category I (safe and effective) OTC drug ingredient for use in the treatment of dandruff, seborrhoea, and psoriasis. Coal Tar is absorbed through the skin of animals and humans and is systemically distributed. In short-term studies, mice fed a diet containing Coal Tar found it unpalatable, but no adverse effects were reported other than weight loss; rats injected with Coal Tar experienced malaise in one study and decreased water intake and increased liver weights in another; rabbits injected with Coal Tar residue experienced eating avoidance, respiratory difficulty, sneezing, and weight loss. In a subchronic neurotoxicity study using mice, a mixture of phenols, cresols, and xylenols at concentrations approximately equal to those expected in Coal Tar extracts produced regionally selective effects, with a rank order of corpus striatum > cerebellum > cerebral cortex. Coal Tar applied to the backs of guinea pigs increases epidermal thickness. Painting female rabbits with tar decreases the absolute and relative weights of the ovaries and decreased the number of interstitial cells in the ovary. Four therapeutic Coal Tar preparations used in the treatment of psoriasis were mutagenic in the Ames assay. Urine and blood from patients treated with Coal Tar were genotoxic in bacterial assays. Coal Tar was genotoxic in a mammalian genotoxicity assay and induced DNA adducts in various tissue types. Chronic exposure of mice to Coal Tar significantly decreased survival and liver neoplasms were seen in a significant dose-related trend; in other studies using mice lung tumors and perianal skin cancers were found. Coal Tar was comedogenic in three small clinical studies. Folliculitis is associated with the prolonged use of some tars. Several published reports describe cases of contact sensitivity to Coal Tar. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which make up Coal Tar, are photosensitizers and cause phototoxicity by an oxygen-dependent mechanism. A retrospective study of the reproductive toxicity of Coal Tar in humans compared exposed women to controls and found little difference in spontaneous abortion and congenital disorders. Cancer epidemiology studies of patients who have received Coal Tar therapy of one form or other have failed to link treatment with an increase in the risk of cancer. Although the Cosmetic In...

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Section: Multiple Parabensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Final Amended Report on the Safety Assessment of Methylparaben, Ethylparaben, Propylparaben, Isopropylparaben, Butylparaben, Isobutylparaben, and Benzylparaben as used in Cosmetic Products

2008

Int J Toxicol

162

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“…If an allergic reaction takes place, the required allergic reaction treatment protocol must be implemented. If the test is carried out with a highly diluted agent and the results are negative, a more concentrated agent could be used [ 51 ]. If the SPT is negative, an intracutaneous or intradermal test, in which a small amount of the test solution is injected into the epidermis of the forearm and the site is examined for 20 min for wheal or flare reactions, is sufficient.…”

Section: Allergy Testing Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lidocaine: A Local Anesthetic, Its Adverse Effects and Management

Bahar

Yoon

2021

Medicina

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The most widely used medications in dentistry are local anesthetics (LA), especially lidocaine, and the number of recorded adverse allergic responses, particularly of hazardous responses, is quite low. However, allergic reactions can range from moderate to life-threatening, requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. This article serves as a review to provide information on LA, their adverse reactions, causes, and management.

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“…하지만 파라벤 성분은 알러지 반응을 일 으키거나 호르몬 변화를 가져오는 것은 물론 체내에 쌓여 장기적으로 암을 유발할 수 있기 때문에 그 안전성에 대한 논란이 계속되고 있다. 근래의 연구 결과에 의하면 파라벤은 여성호르몬인 에스트로겐과 유 사한 구조를 가지고 있어 내분비계를 교란할 가능성이 있고 [4], 남성 의 경우 정자수가 감소하는 등 생식 기능에 이상이 생길 수 있으며 [5], 피부에 자극을 주고 피부염이 있는 환자에게 접촉성 알러지를 발생시 키는 등의 부작용도 일으킬 수 있다는 것이 보고되었다 [6][7]. 또한 파 라벤이 인체에 흡수되면 여성의 유방암을 발생시키는 잠재적인 원인 이 될 수 있으며 실제 유방암 환자들의 종양 조직세포에서 파라벤 성 분이 공통적으로 검출되었다고 보고되었다 [8].…”

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Antimicrobial Activities of Ethosome-Encapsulated Palmitoyl Tripeptide

Lee¹,

Lee²,

Jin³

2014

Applied Chemistry for Engineering

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Palmitoyl tripeptide (M330) showed higher antimicrobial activities than methyl paraben or phenoxy ethanol through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. However, when the M330 was added into cosmetic formulation, white precipitates formed due to the electrostatic interaction between M330 and carbopol (carboxy vinyl polymer) as a thickener in cosmetics, and the viscosity of cosmetics decreased sharply. Also, the antimicrobial activities of M330 in cosmetics became lower than those of methyl paraben or phenoxy ethanol. Thus, the encapsulation of M330 in ethosome vesicle was attempted in order to recover the declined antimicrobial activities of M330 in cosmetics and prevent the precipitates from forming. When ethosome-encapsulated M330 was added into cosmetics, the precipitates did not form, and the decrease in the viscosity of cosmetics was not large compared to the addition of unencapsulated M330. Challenge tests showed that antimicrobial activities against gram negative bacteria were improved by the encapsulation of M330, but the encapsulation was not effective against gram positive bacteria and fungus. A combination of M330 with EDTA showed synergistic inhibitory potential against C. albicans. After coencapsulation of M330 and EDTA in ethosome, antimicrobial activities proved to be higher than those of unencapsulated M330 and EDTA.

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Allergic contact dermatitis to methyl and propyl paraben

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Final Amended Report on the Safety Assessment of Methylparaben, Ethylparaben, Propylparaben, Isopropylparaben, Butylparaben, Isobutylparaben, and Benzylparaben as used in Cosmetic Products

Final Amended Report on the Safety Assessment of Methylparaben, Ethylparaben, Propylparaben, Isopropylparaben, Butylparaben, Isobutylparaben, and Benzylparaben as used in Cosmetic Products

Lidocaine: A Local Anesthetic, Its Adverse Effects and Management

Antimicrobial Activities of Ethosome-Encapsulated Palmitoyl Tripeptide

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