Allergic Contact Sensitivity in Atopic Dermatitis

Jones, Henry E.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1973.01620170029009

Cited by 162 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, the role of atopy in ACD is still questionable. A reduced prevalence of contact allergy in AD compared to controls has been reported (45)(46)(47). This has also been shown experimentally using dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) (53,54), in agreement with the concept that contact allergens preferentially induce a Th1 cell response and that patients with AD have a ''down regulation'' of their Th1 cells (55).…”

Section: Atopic Dermatitis and Contact Allergysupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The relationship between atopic dermatitis (AD) and contact allergy is frequently discussed (45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52). However, the role of atopy in ACD is still questionable.…”

Section: Atopic Dermatitis and Contact Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The criteria for the diagnosis of AD differ from study to study (46)(47)(48)52) or are often not given (45,(49)(50)(51). A comparison between different studies require the same set of criteria for the diagnosis AD.…”

Section: Atopic Dermatitis and Contact Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As with the cases, most of these controls are referred for patch testing because of suspected contact allergy. Controls are only seldom age-matched healthy controls without atopy and dermatitis (46,50,52). The best way to select cases and controls is to select persons with AD in an unselected population and graduate the eczema.…”

Section: Atopic Dermatitis and Contact Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allergic contact dermatitis in children and adolescents

1999

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From a clinical point of view, the prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) among children and adolescents seems to be low. However, many children have dermatitis, most often atopic dermatitis. In selected cases, ACD is suspected, and the child is tested. The question remains, whether the prevalence of ACD in children really is low or whether the possibility of ACD is not sufficiently considered. During the last decade, reports have appeared on series of children and adolescents with contact allergy and ACD. Few cases have been reported in infants, but the development of contact allergy and ACD increases with age. Most studies include selected groups of children and adolescents with suspected ACD. Few studies have examined unselected populations, and most consider only the prevalence of contact allergy without evaluating the clinical relevance, e.g., the prevalence of ACD. Furthermore, no follow-up studies exist. Therefore, the incidence and prevalence of contact allergy and ACD in children and adolescents is largely unknown.Key words: allergic contact dermatitis; contact allergy; Type IV allergy; patch testing; allergens; clinical relevance; children; adolescents; epidemiology; incidence; prevalence; atopic dermatitis; IgE-mediated hypersensitivity; Type I allergy. C Munksgaard, 1999. Accepted for publication 1 April 1999Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in children and adolescents is seen occasionally, and several reports on series of children and adolescents with ACD have appeared in the literature (1-7). The frequency of unselected children and adolescents with positive patch tests to standard series allergens is not negligible (8-10). About 8% of unselected adolescents are nickel allergic and about 2% react to fragrance mix (11). When the contact allergy develops, and what the consequences of a positive patch test result are for the individual child, is less clear. This review summarizes the current knowledge from an epidemiological and clinical point of view. Epidemiology Definitions and study designsThere are many definitions of epidemiology: one of the clearest is the study of occurrence of illness (12). The frequency of ACD can be expressed in terms of its incidence (the number of new cases of ACD during a defined period in a specific population) or its prevalence (the number of persons in the population with ACD at a certain point in time or during a certain period of time).The 3 most important types of observational study in the epidemiology of ACD are follow-up (cohort) studies, case-control studies and crosssectional studies.(i) In follow-up studies, selection of subjects is based upon exposure to factors of interest. In the prospective follow-up study, the person is exposed but free of the disease at the beginning of the study and is followed over a certain period of time. When both exposure and disease are historical, the study is described as a retrospective follow-up study. This design is less expensive than the prospective study. The measurement in follow-up studies is incidence.(ii) In ...

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Section: Atopic Dermatitis and Contact Allergysupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The relationship between atopic dermatitis (AD) and contact allergy is frequently discussed (45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52). However, the role of atopy in ACD is still questionable.…”

Section: Atopic Dermatitis and Contact Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Atopic Dermatitis and Contact Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Atopic Dermatitis and Contact Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allergic contact dermatitis in children and adolescents

1999

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“…Jones et al investigated sensitivity to Rhus in atopic and non-atopic patients. Patch tests to Rhus were positive in 61% of healthy patients and only 15% of those with atopic dermatitis (Jones et al, 1973). This correlation may be explained, as contact allergy is a Th1 response and atopic dermatitis patients have a decreased Th1 response (Mortz & Anderson, 1999).…”

Section: Atopic Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Dermatitis in Children

Morton¹,

Masterpol²

2011

Contact Dermatitis

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Urticaria. An updated review

Monroe¹

1977

Archives of Dermatology

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Urticaria can result from many different stimuli, and numerous factors, both immunologic and nonimmunologic, are involved in its pathogenesis. Most commonly considered of immunologic mechanisms is the type I hypersensitivity state mediated by IgE. Another immunologic mechanism involves the activation of the complement cascade, which produces anaphylatoxins that can release histamine. Immunologic, nonimmunologic, genetic, and modulating factors converge on mast cells and basophils to release mediators capable of producing urticarial lesions. In addition to the clinical and laboratory diagnosis and treatment regimens, we review such mediators as histamine, kinins, serotonin, slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis, prostaglandins, acetylcholine, fibrin degradation products, and anaphylatoxins that increase vascular permeability and can thereby produce wheals. Special consideration is given to histamine and the factors that regulate is secretory release from mast cells and basophils, including the modulating role of intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate.

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Allergic Contact Sensitivity in Atopic Dermatitis

Cited by 162 publications

References 18 publications

Allergic contact dermatitis in children and adolescents

Allergic contact dermatitis in children and adolescents

Contact Dermatitis in Children

Urticaria. An updated review

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