Allergic Rhinitis: What Do We Know About Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy?

Boonpiyathad, Tadech; Lao-Araya, Mongkol; Chiewchalermsri, Chirawat; Sangkanjanavanich, Sasipa; Morita, Hideaki

doi:10.3389/falgy.2021.747323

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 255 publications

(358 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, while a decrease in serum IgE is the main parameter expected to change, significant diminution in Der p-specific IgG4, IL-16, and thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) were also reported in several ASIT studies [ 64 ]. More studies are needed in this field as treatment schedules, effective dosing ranges of allergens, safety profiles, and convenience for patients regarding administration routes for these therapies (including subcutaneous, sublingual, intra-lymphatic, epicutaneous, and local nasal) vary [ 65 ].…”

Section: The Atopic March Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

How an Immune-Factor-Based Formulation of Micro-Immunotherapy Could Interfere with the Physiological Processes Involved in the Atopic March

Jacques¹,

Floris²

2023

IJMS

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Allergic diseases consist of improper inflammatory reactions to antigens and are currently an important healthcare concern, especially considering their increasing worldwide development in recent decades. The “atopic march” defines the paradigm of allergic diseases occurring in chronological order and displaying specific spatial manifestations, as they usually start as atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergies during infancy and progressively evolve into allergic asthma (AA) and allergic rhinitis (AR) or rhino-conjunctivitis in childhood. Many immune cell subtypes and inflammatory factors are involved in these hypersensitivity reactions. In particular, the T helpers 2 (Th2) subset, through its cytokine signatures made of interleukins (ILs), such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13, as well as mast cells and their related histamine pathways, contribute greatly to the perpetuation and evolution of the atopic march. By providing low doses (LD) and ultra-low doses (ULD) of ILs and immune factors to the body, micro-immunotherapy (MI) constitutes an interesting therapeutic strategy for the management of the atopic march and its symptoms. One of the aims of this review is to shed light on the current concept of the atopic march and the underlying immune reactions occurring during the IgE-mediated responses. Moreover, the different classes of traditional and innovative treatments employed in allergic diseases will also be discussed, with a special emphasis on the potential benefits of the MI medicine 2LALERG® formulation in this context.

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Section: The Atopic March Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

How an Immune-Factor-Based Formulation of Micro-Immunotherapy Could Interfere with the Physiological Processes Involved in the Atopic March

Jacques¹,

Floris²

2023

IJMS

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“…Additionally, SLIT can have immunomodulatory effects at the level of APCs [ 73 ]. Specifically, SLIT can downregulate the costimulatory receptor CD86 and induce a subset of regulatory DCs, characterized by increased expression of complement component 1Q and stabilin-1 [ 74 , 75 ].…”

Section: Immunology Of Subcutaneous and Sublingual Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunology of allergen immunotherapy

Rahman

Wesemann

2022

Immunotherapy Advances

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Summary Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying therapy for allergic disease. Through repeated inoculations of low doses of allergen—either as whole proteins or peptides—patients can achieve a homeostatic balance between inflammatory effectors induced and/or associated with allergen contact, and mediators of immunologic non-responsiveness, potentially leading to sustained clinical improvements. AIT for airborne/respiratory tract allergens and insect venoms have traditionally been supplied subcutaneously, but other routes and modalities of administration can also be effective. Despite differences of allergen administration, there are some similarities of immunologic responses across platforms, with a general theme involving the restructuring and polarization of adaptive and innate immune effector cells. Here we review the immunology of AIT across various delivery platforms, including subcutaneous, sublingual, epicutaneous, intradermal, and intralymphatic approaches, emphasizing shared mechanisms associated with achieving immunologic non-responsiveness to allergen.

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“…Ploykarn Kiatiwat 1,2 Atik Sangasapaviliya 1 Panitan Pradubpongsa 1 Sasipa Sangkanjanavanich 1,3 Chirawat Chiewchalermsri 1,4 Alain Jacquet 5 Nattapol Jaisupa 6 Sarawut Jindarat 6 Tadech Boonpiyathad 1 Wat Mitthamsiri 1 1…”

Section: Ack N Owled G M Entsmentioning

confidence: 99%