“…Based on the aforementioned criteria, we included eight study programs that had administered the BFI-10: (1) the German General Social Survey (ALLBUS; GESIS, 2011a, 2011b, 2015); (2) the German Internet Panel (GIP; Blom et al, 2015); (3) the German Longitudinal Election Study (GLES, 2019a, 2019b, 2022); (4) the GESIS Panel (Bosnjak et al, 2018; GESIS, 2022); (5) the “Older Adults” sample of the Jena Study on Social Change and Human Development (Silbereisen et al, 2008; see also Lechner & Rammstedt, 2015); (6) the adult cohort of the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS; Blossfeld & von Maurice, 2011; NEPS Network, 2021); as well as the German surveys within the framework of (7) the Study on Health and Retirement (SHARE; Bergmann et al, 2019; Börsch-Supan, 2022; Börsch-Supan et al, 2013) and (8) the World Values Survey (WVS; Ingelhart et al, 2018). Whereas most of these programs focus on the general adult population, SHARE, and the Jena Study focus on older adults (see Table 1 for an overview of the different programs and samples).…”