Allometric analysis of the pharmacokinetics of four cephalosporin antibiotics in mammals

Abstract

SummaryLashev, L., 2017. Allometric analysis of the pharmacokinetics of four cephalosporin antibiotics in mammals. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 20, No 1,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Allometric analysis of the total body clearance (Cl B ), steady-state volume of distribution (V ss ) and elimination half-life (t 1/2 ) was performed for cephalexin, cefepime, cefquinone and ceftriaxone based on literature data in mammalian species. Values of Cl B and V ss show allometric dependence on body weight, while values of t 1/2 could not be predicted correctly after scaling toward body weight. The equations based on the calculations which could be used for estimation of the respective pharmacokinetic parameters are as follows: Cephalexin: Cl B =0.20W

Pharmacokinetic Profile of Norfloxacin in Pigeons

“…The volume of distribution (Vd/F) is another primary pharmacokinetic parameter, it describes how the molecules of the drug are distributed on the available anatomical spaces of the body (SMITH et al 2015); we found that the Vd/F for oral administration of Norfloxacin was large, and finding is empowered by other studies that denoted to the large volume of distribution of Norfloxacin in different bird species (HARITOVA & LASHEV 2009), such large Vd/F will ensure more accessibility to different anatomical spaces including the intracellular compartment which considered a preferred choice against Norfloxacin sensitive bacteria (CHIFIRIUC et al 2016).…”

“…The half-life (t1/2β) was found to be longer than the average in other species, and this finding is a reflection of the large Vd/F, also it could be attributed to some metabolic variations among birds. such long t1/2β may cooperate in increments of the duration of action, consequently increasing of reliability of Norfloxacin against complicated tissue-based infections (SMITH et al 2015, HARITOVA & LASHEV 2009.…”