Allometric Relations of Sycamore Maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) and its Red Leaf Cultivar (A. pseudoplatanus“Atropurpureum”) in Street and Park Habitats of Novi Sad (Serbia, Europe)

Kostić, Saša; Čukanović, Jelena; Orlović, Saša; Ljubojević, Mirjana; Mladenović, Emina

doi:10.1093/jofore/fvy078

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Kostić et al (2019) argued in their study that street canyons were associated with the most stressful conditions for trees. Kjelgren and Clark (1992) found that direct solar radiation in a canyon was limited to 4 h in the middle of summer, while the direct solar radiation in plaza sites was not inhibited and therefore the afternoon air temperature and vapor pressure deficits were greater in plaza sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In general, paved surfaces in cities are associated with reduced tree growth because of soil compaction and reduced soil aeration, water deficit or excessiveness, increased local soil temperature, and excess of Na and CI ions (Krizek and Dubik 1987, Grabosky and Gilman 2004). A greater extent and spatial distribution of paved surfaces determines the corresponding level of negative impact on trees (Kostić et al 2019). This can help explain why traffic volume has a negative effect on tree survival (Lu et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We could expect the local temperature close to buildings to be relatively higher, due to cooling and heating systems, and the fact that ground surfaces around buildings are typically paved. However, buildings also provide shade, which might cool trees off and benefit shade tolerant species, presumably those with intrinsically higher D. Kostić et al (2019) argued in their study that street canyons were associated with the most stressful conditions for trees. Kjelgren and Clark (1992) found that direct solar radiation in a canyon was limited to 4 h in the middle of summer, while the direct solar radiation in plaza sites was not inhibited and therefore the afternoon air temperature and vapor pressure deficits were greater in plaza sites.…”

Section: Local Growing Environments Influence Crown Architecturementioning

confidence: 94%

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Fractal dimension of tree crowns explains species functional‐trait responses to urban environments at different scales

Arseniou

MacFarlane

2021

Ecological Applications

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The evolution of form and function of trees of diverse species has taken place over hundreds of millions of years, while urban environments are relatively new on an evolutionary time scale, representing a novel set of environmental constraints for trees to respond to. It is important to understand how trees of different species, planted in these anthropogenically-structured urban ecosystems, are responding to them. Many theories have been advanced to understand tree form and function, including several that suggest the fractal-like geometry of trees is a direct reflection of inherent and plastic morphological and physiological traits that govern tree growth and survival. In this research, we analyzed the "fractal dimension" of thousands of tree crowns of many different tree species, growing in different urban environments across the United States, to learn more about the nature of trees and their responses to urban environments at different scales. Our results provide new insights regarding how tree crown fractal dimension relates to balances between hydraulic-and light-capture-related functions (e.g., drought and shade tolerance). Our findings indicate that trees exhibit reduced crown fractal dimension primarily to reduce water loss in hotter cities. More specifically, the intrinsic drought tolerance of the studied species arises from lower surface to volume ratios at both whole-crown and leaf scales, preadapting them to drought stress in urban ecosystems. Needleleaved species showed a clear trade-off between optimizing the fractal dimension of their crowns for drought vs. shade tolerance. Broad-leaved species showed a fractal crown architecture that responded principally to inherent drought tolerance. Adjusting for the temperature of cities and intrinsic species effects, the fractal dimension of tree crowns was lower in more heavily urbanized areas (with greater paved area or buildings) and due to crowns conflicting with utility wires. With expectations for more urbanization and generally hotter future climates, worldwide, our results add new insights into the physiological ecology of trees in urban environments, which may help humans to provide more hospitable habitats for trees in urbanized areas and to make better decisions about tree selection in urban forest management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Local Growing Environments Influence Crown Architecturementioning

confidence: 94%

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Fractal dimension of tree crowns explains species functional‐trait responses to urban environments at different scales

Arseniou

MacFarlane

2021

Ecological Applications

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“…Therefore, we expect that the typically lower number, or complete absence of, neighboring trees in cities should allow urban trees to better express their inherent fractal character; this was an important reason to focus on urban open-grown trees in this study. Of course, cities have heterogeneous growing conditions [20][21][22][23][24][25][26], characterized by anthropogenic barriers to root and crown expansion [27][28][29], systematic tree pruning [29,30], increased atmospheric temperatures and reduced water infiltration [22,31,32], air pollutants [33], and heterogeneous soil properties [34,35], which can affect the fractal dimension of tree crowns [36]. Nonetheless, the inherent fractal-like character of open-grown trees should be more evident compared to trees growing in competition with other trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Open-grown trees can be found both in urban and rural forest conditions, but for urban conditions there is a shortage of robust models. This limits our understanding of the basic ecological services of urban forests [37], despite the fact that urban trees provide a range of significant ecological services, e.g., carbon storage [35,[38][39][40], air pollutant uptake [41][42][43], water purification, pollination, biodiversity, and energy savings for buildings [23,24,41,44]. In order to optimize the benefits of urban forests, we need to study the structure and function of trees in cities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the Contribution of Leaves to the Structural Complexity of Urban Tree Crowns with Terrestrial Laser Scanning

2021

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Trees have a fractal-like branching architecture that determines their structural complexity. We used terrestrial laser scanning technology to study the role of foliage in the structural complexity of urban trees. Forty-five trees of three deciduous species, Gleditsia triacanthos, Quercus macrocarpa, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, were sampled on the Michigan State University campus. We studied their structural complexity by calculating the box-dimension (Db) metric from point clouds generated for the trees using terrestrial laser scanning, during the leaf-on and -off conditions. Furthermore, we artificially defoliated the leaf-on point clouds by applying an algorithm that separates the foliage from the woody material of the trees, and then recalculated the Db metric. The Db of the leaf-on tree point clouds was significantly greater than the Db of the leaf-off point clouds across all species. Additionally, the leaf removal algorithm introduced bias to the estimation of the leaf-removed Db of the G. triacanthos and M. glyptostroboides trees. The index capturing the contribution of leaves to the structural complexity of the study trees (the ratio of the Db of the leaf-on point clouds divided by the Db of the leaf-off point clouds minus one), was negatively correlated with branch surface area and different metrics of the length of paths through the branch network of the trees, indicating that the contribution of leaves decreases as branch network complexity increases. Underestimation of the Db of the G. triacanthos trees, after the artificial leaf removal, was related to maximum branch order. These results enhance our understanding of tree structural complexity by disentangling the contribution of leaves from that of the woody structures. The study also highlighted important methodological considerations for studying tree structure, with and without leaves, from laser-derived point clouds.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) phytoaccumulation in urban areas by Platanus × acerifolia, Celtis australis, and Tilia grandifolia leaves and branches

Kostić,

Kebert,

Teslić

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Allometric Relations of Sycamore Maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) and its Red Leaf Cultivar (A. pseudoplatanus“Atropurpureum”) in Street and Park Habitats of Novi Sad (Serbia, Europe)

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

Fractal dimension of tree crowns explains species functional‐trait responses to urban environments at different scales

Fractal dimension of tree crowns explains species functional‐trait responses to urban environments at different scales

Measuring the Contribution of Leaves to the Structural Complexity of Urban Tree Crowns with Terrestrial Laser Scanning

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) phytoaccumulation in urban areas by Platanus × acerifolia, Celtis australis, and Tilia grandifolia leaves and branches

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