Allometric scaling of biological rhythms in mammals

Günther, B; Morgado, Eduardo

doi:10.4067/s0716-97602005000200010

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Some scientists have suggested that quarter-power scaling, as often observed for various biological rates and durations in relation to body mass, arises because of the inherent 4D space-time nature of living systems (see Section 2.1 and [ 3 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]). This view assumes that biological time is a “universal clock” [ 57 ] that represents an independent fourth dimension commensurate with the three dimensions of space.…”

Section: Major Ways That Time May Be Relevant In Biological Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several investigators have suggested that the key to understanding quarter-power scaling of biological rates and durations is to consider organisms as four-dimensional systems [ 99 , 100 ] with time as the fourth dimension [ 3 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]. According to the specific 4D space-time view of Ginzburg and Damuth [ 54 ], the 3/4-power scaling exponent results from the rate of resource supply for a biological process being a function of the three dimensions of 2D surface area and 1D time, whereas the rate of resource use is a function of the four dimensions of 3D volume and 1D time (also see [ 51 , 101 ]).…”

Section: Major Ways That Time May Be Relevant In Biological Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relevance of Time in Biological Scaling

Glazier

2023

Biology

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Various phenotypic traits relate to the size of a living system in regular but often disproportionate (allometric) ways. These “biological scaling” relationships have been studied by biologists for over a century, but their causes remain hotly debated. Here, I focus on the patterns and possible causes of the body-mass scaling of the rates/durations of various biological processes and life-history events, i.e., the “pace of life”. Many biologists have regarded the rate of metabolism or energy use as the master driver of the “pace of life” and its scaling with body size. Although this “energy perspective” has provided valuable insight, here I argue that a “time perspective” may be equally or even more important. I evaluate various major ways that time may be relevant in biological scaling, including as (1) an independent “fourth dimension” in biological dimensional analyses, (2) a universal “biological clock” that synchronizes various biological rates/durations, (3) a scaling method that uses various biological time periods (allochrony) as scaling metrics, rather than various measures of physical size (allometry), as traditionally performed, (4) an ultimate body-size-related constraint on the rates/timing of biological processes/events that is set by the inevitability of death, and (5) a geological “deep time” approach for viewing the evolution of biological scaling patterns. Although previously proposed universal four-dimensional space-time and “biological clock” views of biological scaling are problematic, novel approaches using allochronic analyses and time perspectives based on size-related rates of individual mortality and species origination/extinction may provide new valuable insights.

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Section: Major Ways That Time May Be Relevant In Biological Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Major Ways That Time May Be Relevant In Biological Scalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relevance of Time in Biological Scaling

Glazier

2023

Biology

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“…In biology, the allometric model is widely used in the analysis of somatic growth, morphogenetic changes, and in the development of metabolic systems of different animal species. 8 It also allows to estimate the volume and biomass of the trees, to evaluate the variation between the species and their adaptive capacity. 9,10 This model allows to predict and perform the calculation of expected dimensions of a given parameter based on another factor.…”

Section: Re Sultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the size of cardiac structures in patients with high body mass index

et al. 2020

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Aims Isometric indexation of cardiac structures fails in patients with overweight. The aim of the study was to evaluate the LA indexed volume (LAVOL), left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and the aortic sinus diameter (AOSD) in healthy subjects with normal and high BMI and find the allometric correction exponent. Methods Four hundred and thirty patients without cardiac pathology were analyzed. Patients were divided into groups: Group I BMI < 24.9 187 patients, Group II BMI 25‐29.9 154 patients, Group III BMI 30‐34.9 63 patients, and Group IV 35‐39.9 26 patients. A Doppler echocardiogram was performed. The parameters indexed were compared between groups. When allometric growth was verified, the allometric coefficient was calculated. Results Male sex 242 p (56%), mean age: 44.87 ± 13.10 years, better correlation: LAVOL, LV mass, and AOSD with body surface area (BSA) (LAVOL R: .74, R2 .55, LV mass R: .73, R2: 0.53, AOSD R: .57, R2: .35), LVEDD with high (R: .63, R2: .39) were observed. A significant increase was observed in LAVOL and LVMI in the groups with increased BMI. We observed a decrease in the indexed AOSD and a marginal difference between groups in LVEDD. The allometric correction exponent calculated was as follows: LAVOL: 0.96 and for LVMI: 0.97. Conclusions Allometric correction is superior to isometric indexation to assess LAVOL and LVMI in obese and overweight patients. Allometric correction would allow differentiating deviations from VOLAI and IMVI attributable to obesity from those attributable to an associated pathology.

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“…Thermodynamic optimizing introduces variation in self-time, on the basis of constant entropy production over time [96]. Self-time is connected to allometry [97], and it scales with the allometric factor, which is usually 3 4 α ≈ , the power rule of which is strongly supported by various physiological times [98]. The real observed coordination time and the self-time are strictly connected, and their values are transformed into each other [95] The energy absorption of living objects follows the rule of complexity, and the temperature development depends on it.…”

Section: The Case In Whichmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaching Complexity: Hyperthermia Dose and Its Possible Measurement in Oncology

Szász¹,

Szász²

2021

OJBIPHY

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A heuristic stochastic solution of the Pennes equation is developed in this paper by applying the self-organizing, self-similar behaviour of living structures. The stochastic solution has a probability distribution that fits well with the dynamic changes in the living objects concerned and eliminates the problem of the deterministic behaviour of the Pennes approach. The solution employs the Weibull two-parametric distribution which offers satisfactory delivery of the rate of temperature change by time. Applying the method to malignant tumours obtains certain benefits, increasing the efficacy of the distortion of the cancerous cells and avoiding doing harm to the healthy cells. Due to the robust heterogeneity of these living systems, we used thermal and bioelectromagnetic effects to distinguish the malignant defects, selecting them from the healthy cells. On a selective basis, we propose an optimal protocol using the provided energy optimally such that molecular changes destroy the malignant cells without a noticeable effect on their healthy counterparts.

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Allometric scaling of biological rhythms in mammals

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

The Relevance of Time in Biological Scaling

The Relevance of Time in Biological Scaling

Evaluation of the size of cardiac structures in patients with high body mass index

Approaching Complexity: Hyperthermia Dose and Its Possible Measurement in Oncology

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