Alloying strategies for additive manufacturing of Ti6Al4V based alloys, composites and functionally graded materials: Microstructure and phase evolution of intra and inter-layer

Shi, Yilei; Gong, Shuili; Xu, Haiying; Wang, Zhuang; Yang, Guang; Qi, Bojin

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.11.060

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 185 publications

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“…Titanium and its alloys have the advantages of low density, high strength, good corrosion resistance, etc., and they are used in the automobile, aerospace, military, and biomedical industries [1][2][3][4]. However, low hardness and susceptibility to wear limit their wide application [5][6][7]. Especially in aerospace, a complex service environment (ocean or desert zone) can cause a deterioration of mechanical properties and early failure [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison Study on the Microstructure, Mechanical Features, and Tribological Characteristics of TiN Coatings on Ti6Al4V Using Different Deposition Techniques

Liu,

Ren,

et al. 2024

Coatings

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Titanium alloys are considered lightweight alloys and are widely applied across various industries. However, their low hardness, poor wear resistance, and limited oxidation resistance restrict their prospects for wider application. In this paper, nitride coatings were prepared using three preparation processes, namely laser surface nitriding (LSN), physical vapor deposition (PVD), and plasma ion implantation (PII). Their microstructure, microhardness, tribological behavior, and high-temperature oxidation characteristics were compared. The experimental results revealed that nitrided coatings were successfully prepared using the three methods. However, a comparison of these data shows that the LSN coating exhibited superior comprehensive performance. It achieved the maximum thickness within the shortest preparation time: the thickness was about 280 μm and the deposition rate of the LSN method was 2250 and 90,000 times higher than those of the PVD and PII methods. Nitrides have high hardness, but the carrying capacity could be attributed to the thickness of the coatings: the PVD coating could withstand a force of 500 g, while the PII coating only withstood a force of less than 25 g. In addition, as hardness is the most important factor for excellent wear resistance, the average volumetric wear rate of the LSN and PVD coatings was about 9 × 10−6 mm3/m·N, and their relative wear resistance was 49.2 times that of Ti6Al4V. Meanwhile, the excellent bond between the LSN coating and the substrate was evidenced by a high-temperature oxidation test during a rapid heating–cooling cycle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison Study on the Microstructure, Mechanical Features, and Tribological Characteristics of TiN Coatings on Ti6Al4V Using Different Deposition Techniques

Liu,

Ren,

et al. 2024

Coatings

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Revealing the Influential Mechanism of the Direct Current on Columnar-to-Equiaxed Transition in Directionally Solidified Al–15Sn–1Cu Alloy Under 10 T Magnetic Field

Tang,

Zhang,

Sun

et al. 2024

Metall Mater Trans B

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Oxynitrided Ti-6Al-4V Coatings Deposited by Twin Wire Arc Spray for Protection of Aluminum Die-Casting Molds

Nango-Blanco,

Brizuela-Colmenares,

Pérez

et al. 2024

J Therm Spray Tech

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Steel molds used for aluminum die-casting often fail due to excessive wear or cracking phenomena associated with the soldering effect in contact with molten aluminum, which leads to the formation of iron-based intermetallic compounds and causes problems in the cast components. One solution is to apply protective coatings whose composition is less reactive with the molten aluminum and improve its hardness, toughness, wear, and corrosion resistance, thus prolonging its service life. This work evaluates the effectiveness of Ti-6Al-4V coatings deposited by twin wire arc spraying in an air or nitrogen atmosphere. Nitrogen was used as the carrier and shielding gas for the in-flight molten particles. Coatings were deposited by varying the stand-off distance, the nitrogen gas pressures, and the substrate temperature. The microstructure of the coatings is interlayered, one porous layer of dendrites and one highly densified layer. The presence of TiN, TiO2, α-Ti, and β-Ti phases was confirmed by different characterization methods. For instance, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements confirmed the presence of N-Ti, O-Ti, and N-O bonds, with the oxygen/nitrogen/titanium percentage associated with the formation of a non-stoichiometric (Ti, Al, V)NxOy phase. Finally, the reactivity of selected oxynitrided Ti-6Al-4V coating in contact with molten aluminum showed a low reaction rate compared to the coarse reaction layer suffered by the uncoated steel substrates.

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Alloying strategies for additive manufacturing of Ti6Al4V based alloys, composites and functionally graded materials: Microstructure and phase evolution of intra and inter-layer

Cited by 11 publications

References 185 publications

A Comparison Study on the Microstructure, Mechanical Features, and Tribological Characteristics of TiN Coatings on Ti6Al4V Using Different Deposition Techniques

A Comparison Study on the Microstructure, Mechanical Features, and Tribological Characteristics of TiN Coatings on Ti6Al4V Using Different Deposition Techniques

Revealing the Influential Mechanism of the Direct Current on Columnar-to-Equiaxed Transition in Directionally Solidified Al–15Sn–1Cu Alloy Under 10 T Magnetic Field

Oxynitrided Ti-6Al-4V Coatings Deposited by Twin Wire Arc Spray for Protection of Aluminum Die-Casting Molds

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