Allozymes and morphometric characters of three species ofMytilus in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres

McDonald, John H.; Seed, R.; Koehn, Richard K.

doi:10.1007/bf01319403

Cited by 365 publications

(408 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In a previous report, Jericho Beach (Locarno) mussels were found to be 98% M. trossulus based on shell morphometry measurements (Mallet, 2003). Mussels used for the isolation of p53 were subsequently identified and confirmed by the same method by Mallet Research Services, NS (McDonald et al, 1991;Mallet et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and phylogenetic comparison of p53 in two distinct mussel species (Mytilus)

Muttray

Cox

St-Jean

et al. 2005

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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The extent to which humans and wildlife are exposed to anthropogenic challenges is an important focus of environmental research. Potential use of p53 gene family marker(s) for aquatic environmental effects monitoring is the long-term goal of this research. The p53 gene is a tumor suppressor gene that is fundamental in cell cycle control and apoptosis. It is mutated or differentially expressed in about 50 % of all human cancers and p53 family members are differentially expressed in leukemic clams. Here we report the identification and characterization of the p53 gene in two species of Mytilus, Mytilus edulis and Mytilus trossulus, using RT-PCR with degenerate and specific primers to conserved regions of the gene. The Mytilus p53 proteins are 99.8 % identical and closely related to clam (Mya) p53. In particular, the 3' untranslated regions were examined to gain understanding of potential post-transcriptional regulatory pathways of p53 expression. We found nuclear and cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements, adenylate/uridylate-rich elements, and a K-box motif previously identified in other, unrelated genes. We also identified a new motif in the p53 3'UTR which is highly conserved across vertebrate and invertebrate species. Differences between the p53 genes of the two Mytilus species may be part of genetic determinants underlying variation in leukemia prevalence and/or development, but this requires further investigation. In conclusion, the conserved regions in these p53 paralogues may represent potential control points in gene expression. This information provides a critical first step in the evaluation of p53 expression as a potential marker for environmental assessment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and phylogenetic comparison of p53 in two distinct mussel species (Mytilus)

Muttray

Cox

St-Jean

et al. 2005

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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“…The two taxa, M. edulis and M. trossulus, hold the same habitat, where individuals are attached to the substrate by byssus threads and filter food particles from the water column. They are almost morphologically indistinguishable, and results of ongoing studies debate whether small shell differences are caused by environmental impacts or genetic differences (e.g., McDonald et al 1991;Innes and Bates 1999). The mussels M. trossulus and M. edulis are here shown to coexist and hybridize in a fjord in the Maarmorilik area, West Greenland.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Greenland Mytilus Populations and Interpomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowledge of the life-history differences between the M. edulis and M. trossulus taxa is needed to understand the dynamics of mussel taxa coexistence and hybrid zones as well as the environmental and genetic factors that can explain not only the occurrence of hybrids but also the mechanisms that keep the species Table 1 Polar Biol (2016) 39:343-355 351 distinct despite hybridization (McDonald et al 1991;Toro et al 2004). The two taxa, M. edulis and M. trossulus, hold the same habitat, where individuals are attached to the substrate by byssus threads and filter food particles from the water column.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Greenland Mytilus Populations and Interpomentioning

confidence: 99%

A first report on coexistence and hybridization of Mytilus trossulus and M. edulis mussels in Greenland

et al. 2015

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Semi-sessile Mytilus mussels are used as indicators of climate changes, but their geographic distribution is not sufficiently known in the Arctic. The aim of this study was to investigate the taxonomic status and genetic differentiation of Mytilus populations in a Northwest Greenlandic fjord at Maarmorilik, impacted by contaminations from a former mine. In this study, mussels were collected at three sites differing in exposure to environmental factors. A total of 54 polymorphic SNPs found in the Mytilus EST and DNA sequences analyzed were successfully applied to 256 individuals. The results provided the first evidence for the existence of M. trossulus in Greenland. The mussel from M. trossulus and M. edulis taxa are shown to coexist and hybridize in the fjord. The three studied sites were found to differ significantly in the distribution of taxa with a higher prevalence of M. trossulus in the inner fjord. The identified M. edulis 9 M. trossulus hybrids mostly had a hybrid index score of about 0.5, indicating a similar number of alleles characteristic for M. trossulus and M. edulis. There was a low number of backcrosses between 'pure' taxa and hybrids. This newly discovered hybrid zone between the two taxa is unique in comparison with the Canadian populations. As Mytilus mussels in Greenland hitherto have been regarded as the one taxon M. edulis, the results have importance for biogeography and future monitoring and environmental studies.

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“…Mussels (M. edulis complex) (McDonald et al 1991) were collected monthly from their natural beds at two sites in Puget Sound (Figure 1) from July 1992-September 1993. The first site was Seacrest, on Elliott Bay, which is an urban area of high boat traffic and industrial activity.…”

Section: Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Seasonal Variability of Cytochemical Responses to Contaminant Exposure in the Blue Mussel Mytilus edulis (Complex)

Kagley

Snider

Krishnakumar

et al. 2003

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Abstract.A selected suite of cytochemical parameters in Mytilus edulis are altered in response to field and laboratory exposure to chemical contaminants. These biomarkers include lysosomal stability, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-ferrihemoprotein reductase activity, liposfuscin deposition, and accumulation of lysosomal and cytoplasmic unsaturated neutral lipid. Normal variations in physiological processes (influenced by exogenous seasonal changes in temperature, salinity, food availability, etc.) may alter the sensitivity of these biomarkers to contaminant exposure. To address this issue, M. edulis (complex) were sampled monthly from a reference nonurban site (Coupeville, Penn Cove) and a polluted urban site (Seacrest, Elliott Bay) in Puget Sound, WA, for a period of 15 months. Physiological measurements including total length, total weight, somatic and mantle weights (an indication of gonadal development and reproductive status), condition index, and the presence or absence of hemic neoplasia (HN, or leukemia) were recorded. Significant differences in lysosomal stability, lysosomal and cytoplasmic unsaturated neutral lipids, lipofuscin deposition, and NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase activity in cells of the digestive gland or digestive tubules were generally found in mussels taken throughout the year from Seacrest compared to mussels sampled from Coupeville, consistent with exposure to chemical contaminants. No seasonally influenced suppression of the entire suite of parameters as measures of contaminant exposure was evident. Therefore these biomarkers can be used to evaluate contaminant exposure in mussels throughout the entire year.

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Allozymes and morphometric characters of three species ofMytilus in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres

Cited by 365 publications

References 31 publications

Identification and phylogenetic comparison of p53 in two distinct mussel species (Mytilus)

Identification and phylogenetic comparison of p53 in two distinct mussel species (Mytilus)

A first report on coexistence and hybridization of Mytilus trossulus and M. edulis mussels in Greenland

Assessment of Seasonal Variability of Cytochemical Responses to Contaminant Exposure in the Blue Mussel Mytilus edulis (Complex)

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