Allylamine‐adducted bismaleimide resins. I. The curing reactions

Abstract

A variety of allylamine‐adducted bismaleimide (A‐BMI) resins were prepared by reacting bismaleimide (BMI), such as 4,4′‐bismaleimidodiphenylmethane (BDM) and 4,4′‐bismaleimidodiphenylether (BDE), with various molar ratio of allylamine through the Michael addition. The prepared A‐BMI resins are a partial crystalline or completely amorphous solid, depending on the amount of adducted allylamine. Two types of curing reactions for the A‐BMI resins were detected by differential scanning calormetry and verified by the mass spectroscopies of cured resins: one is the homopolymerization of A‐BMI resins through opening of the double bonds in the maleimide groups; the other is the reactions between allyl groups and benzene rings, taking place mainly when most of the double bonds in maleimide groups of the A‐BMI resins have been opened by allylamines. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Synthesis of hexa‐allylamino‐cyclotriphosphazene as a reactive fire retardant for unsaturated polyesters

“…The major peaks at m / e 415, 360, 305, 248, and 191 are contributed by the sequential cleavages of allylamine groups from HACTP, whereas those at m / e 430, 375, 320, 263, and 206 were contributed by the former fragments plus one [NH] + group. Similar cleavage of allylamines from the allylamine‐adducted bismaleimide resins has been reported by our laboratory 15–17. The TGA data of HACTP shown in Figure 5 indicates a two‐stage degradation behavior.…”

“…Similar cleavage of allylamines from the allylamine-adducted bismaleimide resins has been reported by our laboratory. [15][16][17] The TGA data of HACTP shown in Figure 5 indicates a two-stage degradation behavior. By comparing to the mass spectrometry of HACTP, it is possible that the first stage of degradation at around 230 -320°C was proceeded by the cleavage of two allylamine groups remaining ϳ76.5 wt % residue, and then proceeded with the cleavage of another two allylamine groups after 400°C.…”

Synthesis, curing, and decomposition of allylamine-adducted 3,3?-bismaleimidodiphenylsulphone resins

“…Because of their epoxy-like processing, they reacting BDM with various molar ratios of allylamhave developed most rapidly among the polyimides ine, mainly through the Michael addition. 15 The prein the past two decades. According to a recent repared BDM/allylamine adducts were self-curable view paper by Pater, 1 BMIs have been extensively and have a much less degree of crystallinity than synthesized or formulated in five different catego-BDM.…”

Epoxy Resin Containing Octamaleimidophenyl Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane

“…The synthetic method used in the present work is slightly different from that reported by Krishnan et al [37] In this work, sodium acetate (NaAc) was used as the catalyst to facilitate the imidization. [38][39][40][41] Typically, in a 250 ml three-necked flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer and a reflux condenser, maleic anhydride (1.359 g, 13.872 mmol) dissolved in 100 ml anhydrous DMF was charged at 80 8C with vigorous stirring and then OapPOSS [(H 2 NC 6 H 4 ) 8 Si 8 O 12 ] (2.0 g, 1.734 mmol) that was pre-dissolved in 50 ml anhydrous DMF was dropped to the system within 30 min in nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction was allowed to be carried out at 80 8C for 24 h and then both sodium acetate tetrahydrate (NaAc Á 4H 2 O) (0.1180 g, 0.867 mmol) and acetic anhydride (2.124 g, 20.808 mmol) were added.…”